Prevalence,
Abuse & Exploitation of Street Children In the first decade
of the 21st Century gvnet.com/streetchildren/Uruguay.htm
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CAUTION: The following links
and accompanying text have been culled from the web to illuminate the
situation in HOW TO USE THIS WEBPAGE Students If you are looking for
material to use in a term-paper, you are advised to scan the postings on this
page and others to see which aspect(s) of street life are of particular
interest to you. You might be
interested in exploring how children got there, how they survive, and how
some manage to leave the street.
Perhaps your paper could focus on how some street children abuse the
public and how they are abused by the public … and how they abuse each
other. Would you like to write about
market children? homeless children? Sexual and labor exploitation? begging? violence? addiction? hunger? neglect? etc. There is a lot to the subject of Street
Children. Scan other countries as well
as this one. Draw comparisons between
activity in adjacent countries and/or regions. Meanwhile, check out some of the Term-Paper resources
that are available on-line. Teachers Check out some of
the Resources
for Teachers attached to this website. ***
FEATURED ARTICLE *** Ricardo:
‘The only thing I hate in the world is the police’ Jenny Smith, New
Internationalist Magazine, Issue 366, April 1, 2004 www.newint.org/features/2004/04/01/uruguay/ [accessed 24 August
2011] Ricardo’s scarred
hands are always busy – wiping the faces of smaller children, opening doors
for others, picking up dropped items and returning them. He is desperately
trying to give to others that which he has never had on ***
ARCHIVES *** The Department of
Labor’s 2004 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor www.dol.gov/ilab/media/reports/iclp/tda2004/uruguay.htm [accessed 7 January
2011] INCIDENCE
AND NATURE OF CHILD LABOR - The majority of child work occurs in the informal
sector, where children work in agriculture, street vending, garbage collection,
and begging. CURRENT
GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND PROGRAMS TO ELIMINATE THE WORST FORMS OF CHILD LABOR - In addition, INAU
maintains shelters for at-risk children, operates a confidential hotline for
child victims of domestic abuse, and cooperates with an NGO to provide food
vouchers to parents of street children who are sent to school. INAU also
offers various services for adolescents, such as work training and safety
programs, and educational and placement services. Human Rights
Reports » 2005 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices 2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61744.htm [accessed 11 February
2020] SECTION
6 WORKER RIGHTS
– [d] The law protects children against exploitation in the workplace,
including a prohibition of forced or compulsory labor, and the Ministry of
Labor and Social Security is responsible for enforcing it. Enforcement was
difficult due to a lack of resources and because most child labor was in the
informal sector (which accounted for 40 percent of total employment in the
country). Some children worked as street
vendors in the expanding informal sector or in agricultural activities, areas
that generally were regulated less strictly and where pay was lower than in
the formal sector. A program by INAU
and an NGO continued to provide food vouchers of $58 (1,360 pesos) per month
to parents who take their children off the streets and send them to school. This
amount approximated what a child might earn working on the street, and the program was
considered successful. Concluding
Observations of the Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) UN Convention on the
Rights of the Child, 11 October 1996 www1.umn.edu/humanrts/crc/uruguay1996.html [accessed 7 January
2011] [7] The Committee,
while recognizing the efforts undertaken by the authorities in the collection
of data, is concerned at the insufficient measures adopted to collect
disaggregated data on the situation of all children, particularly those
belonging to the most disadvantaged groups, including black children,
disabled children, street children, children placed in institutions,
including institutions of a penal nature, ill-treated and abused children or
children from economically disadvantaged groups, which constitutes a major
obstacle to the effective and full implementation of the provisions of the
Convention. World 4 Kids www.world4kids.org/index.php?pno=21 [Last access date
unavailable] i. EDUCATIONAL SUPPORT - AS
Assembly Continues Special Session, Speakers Address Negative Impact of Armed
Conflict on Children Press Release, UN
General Assembly, GA/10019, 9 May 2002 www.un.org/press/en/2002/ga10019.doc.htm [accessed 13 January
2017] LUIS HIERRO LOPEZ,
Vice-President of Uruguay, said through various plans and programmes
implemented over the past decade, Uruguay had successfully achieved many of
the goals set by the 1990 Children’s Summit, namely, in the areas of health
and nutrition, school enrolment, the fight against poverty, and the
integration of children into the social life of the nation. Uruguay was the highest-ranking Latin
American country on the United Nations Development Programme
(UNDP) “Human Development Index” and, in that respect, conditions for its
children generally reflected the living conditions of the adult population. Other advances in
education included virtual universal school enrolment -– some 99 per cent of
pupils between the ages of four and 12 were covered by the system. Indeed, the wide-scale enrolment of four-
and five-year olds might be the first such achievement in the world. He went on to highlight Uruguay’s success
in the areas of health and nutrition and poverty. He noted that Uruguay had very high rates
of immunization and vaccination coverage.
Overall mortality rates related to HIV/AIDS had also declined over the
past four years. More
and More Children Help Support Their Families Raul Pierri, Inter Press Service News Agency IPS, www.aegis.com/news/ips/2004/IP040414.html [accessed 8 August
2011] www.ipsnews.net/2004/04/uruguay-more-and-more-children-help-support-their-families/ [accessed 13 January
2017] In the morning the
boys attend school (classes are held in two shifts in Uruguay). But in the
afternoon, rain or shine, they head downtown to 18 de Julio, Ashoka Fellow Profile -
Mora Ines Podestá Baratta Ashoka International www.ashoka.org/node/3752 [accessed 8 August
2011] www.ashoka.org/en/fellow/mora-ines-podest%C3%A1-baratta [accessed 13 January
2017] Mora's "street
mentor network" is perhaps her most innovative invention. She identifies
adults who frequently come into contact with street children because of their
daily routines–shop owners, street vendors, mail carriers, delivery persons
or waiters. She trains them and helps them to develop supportive and
mentoring relationships with identified street children. Mora teaches her
mentors how to help the street children and familiarizes them with the
resources available. Caring for Orphans
& Vulnerable Children Social
Responsibility, Johnson & Johnson, February 22, 2005 At one time this
article had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 8 August
2011] ASSISTING STREET CHILDREN AND THEIR FAMILIES − All
material used herein reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107
for noncommercial, nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE RESPECT COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT
ARTICLES. Cite this webpage as: Patt,
Prof. Martin, "Street Children - |
