Prevalence,
Abuse & Exploitation of Street Children In the first decade
of the 21st Century gvnet.com/streetchildren/Djibouti.htm
|
|||||||||||
|
CAUTION: The following links
and accompanying text have been culled from the web to illuminate the
situation in HOW TO USE THIS WEBPAGE Students If you are looking
for material to use in a term-paper, you are advised to scan the postings on this
page and others to see which aspect(s) of street life are of particular
interest to you. You might be
interested in exploring how children got there, how they survive, and how
some manage to leave the street.
Perhaps your paper could focus on how some street children abuse the
public and how they are abused by the public … and how they abuse each
other. Would you like to write about
market children? homeless children? Sexual and labor exploitation? begging? violence? addiction? hunger? neglect? etc. There is a lot to the subject of Street
Children. Scan other countries as well
as this one. Draw comparisons between
activity in adjacent countries and/or regions. Meanwhile, check out some of the Term-Paper resources
that are available on-line. Teachers Check out some of
the Resources
for Teachers attached to this website. ***
FEATURED ARTICLES *** Crossroads of the Horn
of The World Bank,
Poverty Reduction & Equity - Poverty Assessments, 1998 go.worldbank.org/H9PBCFL8R0 [accessed 8 May
2011] POVERTY PROFILE - Refugees, nomads,
the homeless and those living in temporary structures, and the street
children are highly impoverished and vulnerable groups. Although refugees
living in camps benefit from food aid, and free health care and education,
they face a difficult situation and describe themselves as having lost
everything, even their identity. War and poor rainfall have changed the
nomad's normal patterns of transhumant behavior. Nomads cope by engaging in
small-scale border trade, and receiving help from relatives living in
Djibouti-ville. The street children, natives of
Somalia or Ethiopia, live in dire poverty. They left their countries because
of war or poverty, but have few chances to break the cycle of poverty: unable
to attend school, they cope by taking odd jobs, and eating out of trash cans. Djibouti 2011 OSAC
Crime and Safety Report US Department of
State Overseas Security Advisory Council OSAC Bureau of Diplomatic Security,
2011 www.osac.gov/pages/ContentReportDetails.aspx?cid=10909 [accessed 8 May
2011] CRIME THREATS - Americans are
strongly discouraged from giving money to peddlers and street children as
this can easily lead to being swarmed by additional individuals who can
become aggressive. TIPS ON HOW TO AVOID
BECOMING A VICTIM
- Visitors to ***
ARCHIVES *** The Department of Labor’s 2004 Findings on
the Worst Forms of Child Labor www.dol.gov/ilab/media/reports/iclp/tda2004/djibouti.htm [accessed 1 February
2011] INCIDENCE
AND NATURE OF CHILD LABOR - Children displaced from Education is free
and compulsory for children between the ages of 6 and 16 years. Although education is free, the additional expenses of
transportation, uniforms, and books often prevent poor families from sending
their children to school. According to
one estimate, approximately 65,000 school-aged children are currently not
attending school in the country. CURRENT
GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND PROGRAMS TO ELIMINATE THE WORST FORMS OF CHILD LABOR - The government
has also created a National Policy for Youth that focuses on children not in
school. Under this policy, the government is encouraging community
involvement and the use of Community Development Centers that host activities
for out-of school children and serve as reading rooms for children in school. Human Rights
Reports » 2005 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices 2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61566.htm [accessed 8 February
2020] CHILDREN – The government
devoted almost no public funds to the advancement of children's rights and
welfare. A few charitable organizations worked with children. Primary education was
compulsory; however, the government did not monitor compliance. The highest
level of education reached by most students was completion of primary school.
The government provided tuition‑free public education, but extra
expenses, such as transportation, book fees, and chalk, could be prohibitive
to poorer families. School facilities continued to be inadequate. Teacher
salaries continued to be in arrears and a large percentage of highly
qualified teachers have left the profession. Approximately 20 percent of
children who started secondary school completed their education Concluding
Observations Of The Committee On The Rights Of The Child (CRC) UN Convention on the
Rights of the Child, 2 June 2000 www1.umn.edu/humanrts/crc/djibouti2000.html [accessed 27
February 2011] [45] The Committee
is concerned about the exposure of older children in the State party,
particularly those living on the street or working in port areas and along
truck routes, to sexual exploitation and to sexually transmitted diseases,
including the risk of HIV infection. [53] The Committee
is concerned about the apparent increase in the number of children involved
in economic activities in the family context as well as on the streets. [56] In view of
articles 33 and 39 of the Convention, the Committee urges the State party to
take all appropriate measures to prevent the involvement of children in the
production, trafficking and consumption of khat and
other psychotropic drugs as well as to provide care and rehabilitation, and
to pay particular attention in this regard to vulnerable groups, including
children who drop out of school, live on the streets, or work in the port
area. Protection Project
- The www.protectionproject.org/human_rights_reports/report_documents/djibouti.doc [accessed 2009] FORMS OF TRAFFICKING - Child
prostitution is on the rise in United
Nations Population Fund Country Program Outline For Executive Board of
the United Nations Development Programme and of the
United Nations Population Fund, 30 September 2002 -- DP/FPA/DJI/2 www.unfpa.org/exbrd/2002/final/dpfpadji2.pdf [accessed 8 May
2011] 12. Drought, poverty
and frequent conflicts in the region encourage urban migration. Overburdened urban areas are home to
growing numbers of street children. CRC 24th Session 30
May 2000 - CRC Consideration of Initial Report on Djibouti – Morning Session UN Convention on the
Rights of the Child, Press Release, 30 May 2000 www.unhchr.ch/huricane/huricane.nsf/0/65AA416E9BB1F298802568F0002C40B1?opendocument [accessed 8 May
2011] The children had
been arrested because they had carried out repeated burglaries. After investigation it was found that the
children involved were glue-sniffers and small-time dealers in
marijuana. Their ages were from 15 to
18. They were placed in a juvenile
center; they were drug-dependent and were in a bad state; none of them was
placed in an adult prison; they were convicted and placed in a supervised
center for secure education. After
they were released they reported to organizations dealing with street
children, and to UNICEF. CRC 24th Session 30
May 2000 - CRC Conclusion of Discussion of Initial Report on UN Convention on the
Rights of the Child, Press Release, 30 May 2000 www.unhchr.ch/huricane/huricane.nsf/0/5D8F61226B66BD42802568F00037F077?opendocument [accessed 8 May
2011] DISCUSSION - The Government, with
its limited resources, was having difficulty meeting the needs of street
children, Mr. Abdou said, although civil society,
through various organizations, provided some services; free health care was
offered; as far as he knew, such children generally did not attend school, as
they came and went too freely, although when they received temporary care
from civic organizations attempts were made to teach them to read. All
material used herein reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107
for noncommercial, nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE RESPECT COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT
ARTICLES. Cite this webpage as: Patt,
Prof. Martin, "Street Children - |
