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Prevalence, Abuse & Exploitation of Street Children In the early years
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CAUTION: The following links
and accompanying text have been culled from the web to illuminate the
situation in ***
FEATURED ARTICLES *** Crossroads of the Horn of The World Bank, Poverty Reduction & Equity
- Poverty Assessments, 1998 [accessed 8 May 2011] POVERTY PROFILE - Refugees,
nomads, the homeless and those living in temporary structures, and the street
children are highly impoverished and vulnerable groups. Although refugees
living in camps benefit from food aid, and free health care and education,
they face a difficult situation and describe themselves as having lost
everything, even their identity. War and poor rainfall have changed the
nomad's normal patterns of transhumant behavior. Nomads cope by engaging in
small-scale border trade, and receiving help from relatives living in
Djibouti-ville. The street children, natives of
Somalia or Ethiopia, live in dire poverty. They left their countries because
of war or poverty, but have few chances to break the cycle of poverty: unable
to attend school, they cope by taking odd jobs, and eating out of trash cans. Djibouti 2011 OSAC Crime and Safety Report US Department of State Overseas Security
Advisory Council OSAC Bureau of Diplomatic Security, 2011 www.osac.gov/pages/ContentReportDetails.aspx?cid=10909 [accessed 8 May 2011] CRIME THREATS - Americans are
strongly discouraged from giving money to peddlers and street children as
this can easily lead to being swarmed by additional individuals who can
become aggressive. TIPS ON HOW TO AVOID
BECOMING A VICTIM
- Visitors to ***
ARCHIVES *** UNICEF
– www.unicef.org/infobycountry/djibouti.html [accessed 8 May 2011] The Department of Labor’s 2004 Findings on
the Worst Forms of Child Labor www.dol.gov/ilab/media/reports/iclp/tda2004/djibouti.htm [accessed 1 February 2011] INCIDENCE
AND NATURE OF CHILD LABOR - Children displaced from Education is free
and compulsory for children between the ages of 6 and 16 years. Although education is free, the additional expenses of
transportation, uniforms, and books often prevent poor families from sending
their children to school. According to
one estimate, approximately 65,000 school-aged children are currently not
attending school in the country. CURRENT
GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND PROGRAMS TO ELIMINATE THE WORST FORMS OF CHILD LABOR - The government
has also created a National Policy for Youth that focuses on children not in
school. Under this policy, the government is encouraging community
involvement and the use of Community Development Centers that host activities
for out-of school children and serve as reading rooms for children in school. Human Rights
Reports » 2005 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61566.htm [accessed 1 February 2011] CHILDREN – The government
devoted almost no public funds to the advancement of children's rights and
welfare. A few charitable organizations worked with children. Primary education
was compulsory; however, the government did not monitor compliance. The
highest level of education reached by most students was completion of primary
school. The government provided tuition‑free public education, but
extra expenses, such as transportation, book fees, and chalk, could be
prohibitive to poorer families. School facilities continued to be inadequate.
Teacher salaries continued to be in arrears and a large percentage of highly
qualified teachers have left the profession. Approximately 20 percent of
children who started secondary school completed their education Concluding Observations Of The Committee On
The Rights Of The Child (CRC) UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, 2
June 2000 www1.umn.edu/humanrts/crc/djibouti2000.html [accessed 27 February 2011] [45] The Committee
is concerned about the exposure of older children in the State party,
particularly those living on the street or working in port areas and along
truck routes, to sexual exploitation and to sexually transmitted diseases,
including the risk of HIV infection. [53] The Committee
is concerned about the apparent increase in the number of children involved in
economic activities in the family context as well as on the streets. [56] In view of
articles 33 and 39 of the Convention, the Committee urges the State party to
take all appropriate measures to prevent the involvement of children in the
production, trafficking and consumption of khat and
other psychotropic drugs as well as to provide care and rehabilitation, and
to pay particular attention in this regard to vulnerable groups, including
children who drop out of school, live on the streets, or work in the port
area. Protection Project - The www.protectionproject.org/human_rights_reports/report_documents/djibouti.doc [accessed 2009] FORMS OF TRAFFICKING - Child
prostitution is on the rise in United
Nations Population Fund Country Program Outline For Executive Board of the United Nations
Development Programme and of the United Nations
Population Fund, 30 September 2002 -- DP/FPA/DJI/2 www.unfpa.org/exbrd/2002/final/dpfpadji2.pdf [accessed 8 May 2011] 12. Drought,
poverty and frequent conflicts in the region encourage urban migration. Overburdened urban areas are home to
growing numbers of street children. Djibouti 2011 OSAC Crime and Safety Report US Department of State Overseas Security
Advisory Council OSAC Bureau of Diplomatic Security, 2011 www.osac.gov/pages/ContentReportDetails.aspx?cid=10909 [accessed 8 May 2011] CRIME THREATS - Americans are
strongly discouraged from giving money to peddlers and street children as
this can easily lead to being swarmed by additional individuals who can
become aggressive. TIPS ON HOW TO AVOID
BECOMING A VICTIM
- Visitors to CRC 24th Session 30 May 2000 -
CRC Consideration of Initial Report on UN Convention on the Rights of the Child,
Press Release, 30 May 2000 www.unhchr.ch/huricane/huricane.nsf/0/65AA416E9BB1F298802568F0002C40B1?opendocument [accessed 8 May 2011] The children had
been arrested because they had carried out repeated burglaries. After investigation it was found that the
children involved were glue-sniffers and small-time dealers in
marijuana. Their ages were from 15 to
18. They were placed in a juvenile
center; they were drug-dependent and were in a bad state; none of them was
placed in an adult prison; they were convicted and placed in a supervised
center for secure education. After
they were released they reported to organizations dealing with street
children, and to UNICEF. CRC 24th Session 30 May 2000 -
CRC Conclusion of Discussion of Initial Report on UN Convention on the Rights of the Child,
Press Release, 30 May 2000 www.unhchr.ch/huricane/huricane.nsf/0/5D8F61226B66BD42802568F00037F077?opendocument [accessed 8 May 2011] DISCUSSION - The Government,
with its limited resources, was having difficulty meeting the needs of street
children, Mr. Abdou said, although civil society,
through various organizations, provided some services; free health care was
offered; as far as he knew, such children generally did not attend school, as
they came and went too freely, although when they received temporary care
from civic organizations attempts were made to teach them to read. Crossroads of the Horn of Africa: Poverty
Assessment The World Bank, Poverty Reduction &
Equity - Poverty Assessments, 1998 [accessed 8 May 2011] POVERTY PROFILE - Refugees,
nomads, the homeless and those living in temporary structures, and the street
children are highly impoverished and vulnerable groups. Although refugees
living in camps benefit from food aid, and free health care and education,
they face a difficult situation and describe themselves as having lost
everything, even their identity. War and poor rainfall have changed the
nomad's normal patterns of transhumant behavior. Nomads cope by engaging in
small-scale border trade, and receiving help from relatives living in
Djibouti-ville. The street children, natives of
Somalia or Ethiopia, live in dire poverty. They left their countries because
of war or poverty, but have few chances to break the cycle of poverty: unable
to attend school, they cope by taking odd jobs, and eating out of trash cans. All
material used herein reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107
for noncommercial, nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE RESPECT COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT
ARTICLES. Cite this webpage as: Patt,
Prof. Martin, "Street Children - |
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