|
|||||||||||
|
CAUTION: The following links and
accompanying text have been culled from the web to illuminate the situation
in Cambodia in the early years of the 21st Century. Some of these links
may lead to websites that present allegations that are unsubstantiated,
misleading or even false. No attempt has been made to validate
their authenticity or to verify their content. HOW TO USE THIS WEBPAGE Students If you are looking
for material to use in a term-paper, you are advised to scan the postings on
this page and others to see which aspects of poverty are of particular
interest to you. You might be
interested in exploring the relationship between distribution of labor and
per-capita GDP, for example. Perhaps
your paper could focus on life expectancy or infant mortality. Other factors of interest might be
unemployment, literacy, access to basic services, etc. On the other hand, you might choose to
include some of the possible outgrowths of poverty such as Human Trafficking,
Street Children,
or even Prostitution. There is a lot to the subject of
Poverty. Scan other countries as well
as this one. Draw comparisons between
activity in adjacent countries and/or regions. Meanwhile, check out some of the Term-Paper resources
that are available on-line. Teachers Check out some of
the Resources
for Teachers attached to this website. *** Extreme Weather *** Cambodia
is highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. Extreme weather events
will occur more frequently, including floods and heatwaves. The temperature
has increased since the 1960s by 0.18 °C per decade. Cambodia is prone to
extreme weather events, especially floods, droughts and typhoons. Climate
change is predicted to increase the frequency and intensity of such
events. – Microsoft BING Copilot World
Bank Climate & Develoment Reports Cambodia Country Climate and Development Report, 16 Oct 2023 openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/40467 [accessed 11 Dec 2024] The
Cambodia Country Climate and Development Report (CCDR) provides
analysis and recommendations on how Cambodia can achieve sustained
development while responding to climate change and the low-carbon transition.
Cambodia has high development aspirations, aiming to become an
upper-middle-income country by 2030 and a high-income country by 2050.
Achieving these goals will not be easy and will require a more inclusive, diversified, and productive economy. Climate change could
amplify existing development challenges, with potentially sizable impacts on
growth, trade, debt, and poverty reduction, as Cambodia faces one of the
world’s highest levels of exposure to floods and extreme heat. *** ARCHIVES *** The World Factbook - Cambodia U.S. Central Intelligence Agency CIA www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/cb.html [accessed 21
December 2020] World Factbook
website has moved to ---> www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/cambodia/ [accessed 5 January 2021] Cambodia
has experienced strong economic growth over the last decade; GDP grew at an
average annual rate of over 8% between 2000 and 2010 and about 7% since 2011.
The tourism, garment, construction and real estate, and agriculture sectors
accounted for the bulk of growth. Around 700,000 people, the majority of whom
are women, are employed in the garment and footwear sector. An additional
500,000 Cambodians are employed in the tourism sector, and a further 200,000
people in construction. Tourism has continued to grow rapidly with foreign
arrivals exceeding 2 million per year in 2007 and reaching 5.6 million
visitors in 2017. Mining also is attracting some investor interest and the
government has touted opportunities for mining bauxite, gold, iron and gems. Still,
Cambodia remains one of the poorest countries in Asia, and long-term economic
development remains a daunting challenge, inhibited by corruption, limited
human resources, high income inequality, and poor job prospects. According to
the Asian Development Bank (ADB), the percentage of the population living in
poverty decreased to 13.5% in 2016. More than 50% of the population is less
than 25 years old. The population lacks education and productive skills,
particularly in the impoverished countryside, which also lacks basic
infrastructure GDP -
per capita (PPP): $4,000 (2017
est.) Labor
force - by occupation: agriculture:
48.7% industry:
19.7% services: 31.5% (2013 est.) Unemployment
rate: 0.3% (2017
est.) Population
below poverty line: 16.5% (2016
est.) Maternal
mortality rate: 160
deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) Infant
mortality rate: total: 43.7 deaths/1,000 live births Life
expectancy at birth: total population: 65.9 years Drinking
water source: improved: total: 80.3% of
population Physicians
density: 0.19
physicians/1,000 population (2014) Sanitation
facility access: improved: total: 65.7% of
population Electricity
access: electrification - total population: 49.8% (2016) The
Borgen Project - Cambodia borgenproject.org/category/cambodia/ [accessed 24 January 2021] The Borgen Project works with U.S. leaders to utilize the
United States’ platform behind efforts toward improving living conditions for
the world’s poor. It is an innovative,
national campaign that is working to make poverty a focus of U.S. foreign
policy. It believes that leaders of
the most powerful nation on earth should be doing more to address global
poverty. From ending segregation to providing women with the right to vote,
nearly every wrong ever righted in history was achieved through advocacy. The
Borgen Project addresses the big picture, operating
at the political level advancing policies and programs that improve living
conditions for those living on less than $1 per day. ~
Mitigating Floods In Southeast Asia borgenproject.org/floods-in-southeast-asia/ ~
Alleviating Child Poverty In Cambodia borgenproject.org/child-poverty-in-cambodia/ ~
Women Leaders In Cambodia Fight Against Poverty borgenproject.org/women-leaders-in-cambodia/ ~
From Bombs To Bangles: Jewelry Rebuilds Economy In Cambodia borgenproject.org/jewelry-rebuilds-economy-in-cambodia/ ~
Cricket Farming In Cambodia borgenproject.org/cricket-farming/ ~
Disability And Poverty In Cambodia borgenproject.org/disability-and-poverty-in-cambodia/ ~
4 Countries Helped By The Asian Development Bank borgenproject.org/asian-development-bank/ COVID-19 Slowing
Cambodia’s Fight Against Hunger Athira Nortajuddin,
The Asean Post, 9 February 2021 theaseanpost.com/article/covid-19-slowing-cambodias-fight-against-hunger [accessed 9 February
2021] Hunger
is an issue that has long plagued a number of countries in Southeast Asia.
Cambodia, a developing country between Thailand and Vietnam, remains one of
the poorest nations in the region. But, in
recent years, Cambodia has made notable progress towards improving citizens’
nutrition. Despite
the progress, a 2018 World Vision report noted that the number of Cambodian
children under five suffering from malnutrition has remained high with 32
percent of them showing signs of stunting, 24 percent being underweight and
10 percent being wasted. In the
“Ending Malnutrition in Cambodia Is Possible” report, the organisation
cited diarrhoea as a result of poor sanitation in
households and the community as the primary cause of malnutrition in the
kingdom. When children experience repeated bouts of diarrhoea
accompanied by food that has low nutritional value, they can become
chronically malnourished. However,
with the coronavirus pandemic which has severely affected livelihoods across
the globe, the problem of malnutrition in Cambodia appears grimmer. Health and
Nutrition UNICEF Country Programme 2019–2023 www.unicef.org/cambodia/reports/health-and-nutrition Click [here]
to download the report [accessed 9 February
2021] Major
causes of child and maternal deaths include a lack of adequate, affordable and
accessible health services, poor quality services, poor hygiene, a lack of
skilled health staff, and harmful traditional practices. Lagging
behind all other social indicators, malnutrition rates for children under 5
years are among the highest in the region, with 32 per cent of children being
stunted (too short for their age) and 10 per cent being wasted (too thin for
their height) (CDHS 2014). Sub-optimal
feeding practices, poor water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH), poverty and a
mother’s lack of education are the main causes of child undernutrition, which
is one of the most significant obstacles to human development. There is
disparity here, as 42 per cent of the poorest girls and boys are stunted,
compared to 19 per cent of the wealthiest. Breastfeeding is declining and
appropriate feeding across age groups remains limited. This has health
consequences ranging from undernutrition to children being overweight, which
is new to Cambodia. Iodine intake and anaemia also
require particular attention. Action
Against Hunger - Cambodia www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/asia/cambodia [accessed 21 March 2021] Despite
economic growth, a significant portion of the Cambodian population lives
close to the poverty line. Undernutrition remains a major public health
concern; 32% of children under five suffer from stunting, 24% are
underweight, 10% are acutely malnourished, and micronutrient deficiencies are
widespread. Cambodia
is also highly vulnerable to natural disasters, with regular monsoon flooding
and localized droughts. Limited and unequal access to education and health
services and low investment in public infrastructure further perpetuate food
insecurity and undernutrition. The
World Bank in Cambodia www.worldbank.org/en/country/cambodia/overview [accessed 18 April 2021] The
World Bank’s engagement in Cambodia focuses on investing in human capital,
tackling rural poverty, building basic infrastructure, and empowering
communities. Looking
back a few years Advameg, Inc., Encyclopedia of the Nations www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Asia-and-Oceania/Cambodia-ECONOMY.html [accessed 9 February 2021] When
the PRK government took over in 1979, it was faced with a major challenge in restoring
the national economy. The first problem was to end the threat of famine. A
massive international campaign to feed the population took place during
1979–82. In July
1986, the PRK issued an emergency appeal to international organizations for
rice. Rule by
the Khmer Rouge, 20 years of civil war, economic isolation, and a centrally
planned economy imposed heavy burdens on Cambodia. Serious damage to basic
infrastructure, industrial and agricultural production, and human resources
required massive rehabilitation and reconstruction. Market-oriented reforms
have been introduced which dismantle the centrally planned economy. All
material used herein reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107
for noncommercial, nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE RESPECT
COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT ARTICLES. Cite this webpage as: Prof. Martin
Patt, "Poverty - Cambodia", http://gvnet.com/poverty/Cambodia.htm,
[accessed <date>] |
