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Human Trafficking & Modern-day Slavery In the early years of the 21st Century gvnet.com/humantrafficking/Ethiopia.htm
Ethiopia is a source
country for men, women, and children trafficked primarily for the purposes of
forced labor and, to a lesser extent, for commercial sexual exploitation.
Rural Ethiopian children are trafficked for domestic servitude and, less
frequently, for commercial sexual exploitation and forced labor in
agriculture, traditional weaving, gold mining, street vending, and begging. -
U.S. State Dept Trafficking in Persons Report, June, 2009 [full country report] |
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CAUTION: The following links
have been culled from the web to illuminate the situation in ***
FEATURED ARTICLE *** The bride was 7 - In the heart of Paul Salopek, Tribune
foreign correspondent, Chicago Tribune, December 12, 2004 articles.chicagotribune.com/2004-12-12/news/0412120360_1_child-marriage-beetles-wishful [accessed 17 April 2012] Tihun Nebiyu the goat herder doesn't want to marry. She is
adamant about this. But in her village nobody heeds the opinions of
headstrong little girls. That's why
she's kneeling in the filigreed shade of her favorite thorn tree, dropping
beetles down her dress. Magic beetles. "It doesn't
work!" Tihun says, disgusted. She heaves an
exaggerated sigh and squints out across the yellow-grass hills surrounding
her world: "I will just have to run." But this is childish bluster. Tihun's short legs can't carry her away fast enough from
the death of her childhood. Her wedding is five days away. And she is 7 years
old. But child marriage
ruins lives in other ways too. Often treated like indentured servants, young
brides are subject to beatings by their grown husbands and in-laws. And
thousands of girls end up trapped in the sex trade, whether through organized
child bride trafficking rings in countries such as China or, in Africa, by
simply drifting from abusive marriages into street prostitution, social
workers say. ***
ARCHIVES *** The Department of Labor’s 2004 Findings on
the Worst Forms of Child Labor www.dol.gov/ilab/media/reports/iclp/tda2004/ethiopia.htm [accessed 4 February 2011] INCIDENCE
AND NATURE OF CHILD LABOR - Human Rights
Reports » 2005 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61569.htm [accessed 4 February 2011] TRAFFICKING
IN PERSONS
– The International
Organization for Migration (IOM) reported in 2004that trafficking was
"increasing at an alarming rate." A 2003 study by a foreign
government on the problem of internal trafficking of women and children
confirmed that the problem was pervasive. The overwhelming majority of
respondents confirmed that traffickers, typically
unorganized petty criminals, lured women and children from rural areas to Concluding Observations of the Committee on
the Rights of the Child (CRC)[DOC] UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1
November 2006 [accessed 4 February 2011] [8] The Committee
notes that some progress has been made by the State party in the effort to
bring domestic laws into compliance with the Convention, e.g. by
criminalizing harmful traditional practices and child trafficking in the
revised Criminal Code of 2004.
However, the Committee remains concerned at the lack of a systematic
legislative review and adoption of a comprehensive Children’s Code. The Committee regrets that the Convention
has not yet been published in the Official Gazette as previously recommended. [71] The Committee is
deeply concerned at the prevalence of child labour among young children
including as young as 5 and that the State party has not taken comprehensive
measures to prevent and combat this large-scale economic exploitation of
children. Hundreds of thousands of children forced to
work in Ethiopia EITB 24 News – www.ephrem.org/dehai_news_archive/2006/sept-oct06/0576.html [accessed 4 February 2011] Some of the
trafficked children are employed as domestic servants and kept within Fifteen-year-old
'Dina', whose name has also been changed, says she was just eight when she
was trafficked from her home in northern 'Dina' says she
worked seven days a week cooking, cleaning and taking care of children, often
for families who had children her own age. Finally, after being kicked out by
her employer, she managed to contact police who sent her to OPRIFS in The reversal of a boy's HIV status is the
road to new life. He's one of lucky ones [PDF] Jonathan Clayton in cfsc.trunky.net/_uploads/Publications/The_reversal_of_a_boys_HIV_status_is_the_road_to_new_life.pdf [accessed 20 April 2012] Organisations such as Unicef, the United Nations’ children’s agency, are
concerned that the Ethiopian Government does not have the staff or resources
to monitor orphanages to ensure that children are cared for and safe from
abuse. They also suspect that many
children are being trafficked to work in weaving factories or as servants,
and some are being smuggled out of the country. One child protection specialist says: “We
have heard stories of children being taken by ‘brothers’ and ‘uncles’ to neighbouring countries. Once there, they could be easily
transferred. It is a huge problem.” - htsccp Freedom House
Country Report - Political Rights: 5 Civil Liberties: 5 Status: Partly Free 2009 Edition www.freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2009/ethiopia [accessed 26 June 2012] Human Rights
Overview by Human
Rights Watch – Defending Human Rights Worldwide [accessed 4 February 2011] Library of Congress Call Number DT373 .E83
1993 lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/ettoc.html [accessed 4 February 2011] The bride was 7 - In the heart of Paul Salopek,
Tribune foreign correspondent, Chicago Tribune, December 12, 2004 articles.chicagotribune.com/2004-12-12/news/0412120360_1_child-marriage-beetles-wishful [accessed 17 April 2012] Tihun Nebiyu the goat herder doesn't want to marry. She is
adamant about this. But in her village nobody heeds the opinions of
headstrong little girls. That's why
she's kneeling in the filigreed shade of her favorite thorn tree, dropping
beetles down her dress. Magic beetles. "It doesn't
work!" Tihun says, disgusted. She heaves an
exaggerated sigh and squints out across the yellow-grass hills surrounding her
world: "I will just have to run."
But this is childish bluster. Tihun's short
legs can't carry her away fast enough from the death of her childhood. Her
wedding is five days away. And she is 7 years old. But child marriage
ruins lives in other ways too. Often treated like indentured servants, young
brides are subject to beatings by their grown husbands and in-laws. And
thousands of girls end up trapped in the sex trade, whether through organized
child bride trafficking rings in countries such as China or, in Africa, by
simply drifting from abusive marriages into street prostitution, social
workers say. WANTED: the right to refuse Maggie Black, Issue 337, New
Internationalist, August 2001 www.newint.org/features/2001/08/05/wanted/ [accessed 4 February 2011] Take a look at
article one of the Supplementary Convention on Slavery and you will see as one
definition: ‘Any practice whereby a woman, without the right to refuse, is
given in marriage in payment of a consideration in money or in kind ...’ At the beginning of
the 21st century being a child wife, even if it’s illegal, puts you in a
limbo. You are invisible as either child or woman, because you have been
married. What a man does to you once, if you are underage and single, is
statutory rape. What he does to you night after night, if you are underage
and married, is fine. In rural ACLU Defends Ethiopian Woman Kept in Forced
Labor in The American Civil Liberties Union ACLU,
December 21, 2004 www.aclu.org/womens-rights/aclu-defends-ethiopian-woman-kept-forced-labor-new-jersey [accessed 4 February 2011] According to the
ACLU lawsuit, Chere was kept under conditions of
involuntary servitude for almost one and a half years-working for as much as
100 hours per week for no pay. Chere's
responsibilities included serving as the primary caretaker for the couple's
toddler, cooking for the family, cleaning and maintaining the home, doing the
family's laundry and cleaning the exterior of the house and driveway. She was
not given any food other than leftovers and bread and water and was forced to
sleep on the floor of the child's bedroom. UN Integrated Regional Information Networks
IRIN, At one time this article had been archived
and may possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 5 September 2011] The first-ever
centre to help victims of trafficking opened in the Ethiopian capital, "The victims
have suffered quite a lot of abuse," said Rakeb,
the centre's programme
coordinator. "Often when they return they are traumatised,
depressed, and some have mental-health problems and need someplace to stay.
Some of those who are deported have not even had time to gather their
possessions and don't have anything, so they need some reintegration assistance." IOM press briefing notes 23 Apr 2004:
Haiti, Ethiopia, Zambia Spokesperson: Jean-Philippe Chauzy, International Organization for Migration IOM, 23
Apr 2004 reliefweb.int/report/ethiopia/iom-press-briefing-notes-23-apr-2004-haiti-ethiopia-zambia [accessed 13 June 2013] The overall objective
of this US-funded project is to support the Ethiopian Government's efforts in
the fight against HIV/AIDS, and the prevention of human trafficking within
and/or from Ethiopia. It has the aim of sensitizing students in grades 7-10
on pertinent issues regarding trafficking and HIV/AIDS while encouraging them
to pursue their education, both in schools and within the informal sector. Five hundred
thousand exercise books and ten thousand T-shirts containing simplified
messages illustrated by cartoons warning students of the risks of migrating
for work using illegal channels, unprotected sex and dropping out of school
were distributed in the 185 schools since September 2003. UN Integrated Regional Information Networks
IRIN, www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?reportid=44305 [accessed 4 February 2011] The IOM says that
illegal traffickers who prey on women could make up to 7,000 Ethiopian Birr
(more than US $800) for each victim they send overseas. The IOM say women
aged between 18 and 25 are targeted by traffickers at colleges and in poor
districts in towns and cities. All
material used herein reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107
for noncommercial, nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE RESPECT COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT
ARTICLES. Cite this webpage as: Patt,
Prof. Martin, "Human Trafficking & Modern-day Slavery - |
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