C S E C The Commercial Sexual
Exploitation of Children In the early years of the 21st Century, 2000 to
2025 gvnet.com/childprostitution/Nigeria.htm
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CAUTION: The following links
and accompanying text have been culled from the web to illuminate the
situation in HOW TO USE THIS WEBPAGE Students If you are looking for
material to use in a term-paper, you are advised to scan the postings on this
page and others to see which aspects of child prostitution are of particular
interest to you. You might be
interested in exploring how children got started, how they survive, and how
some succeed in leaving. Perhaps your
paper could focus on runaways and the abuse that led to their leaving. Other factors of interest might be poverty,
rejection, drug dependence, coercion, violence, addiction, hunger, neglect,
etc. On the other hand, you might
choose to write about the manipulative and dangerous adults who control this
activity. There is a lot to the
subject of Child Prostitution. Scan
other countries as well as this one.
Draw comparisons between activity in adjacent countries and/or
regions. Meanwhile, check out some of
the Term-Paper
resources that are available on-line. Teachers Check out some of
the Resources
for Teachers attached to this website. HELP for Victims NAPTIP - National Agency
for Prohibition of Trafficking in Persons and Other related Matters ***
FEATURED ARTICLE *** Story that touches
the heart : Why prostitution rate is rising Chioma Obinna,
Vanguard OnLine, December 31, 2005 At one time this
article had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 27 June
2011] MY FIRST ENCOUNTER - Before my first
visit to the brothel, I used to think that prostitution was mainly for older
women but it beats my imagination when I stepped into the brothel and saw
girls of 12, 13 and 14 years. I can’t imagine myself because at that age, I
was still in secondary school and was like a baby to my parents. The only
thought that came into mind was that, why should these ones be here? So after
my project, I tried to pry into their private life to find out why they are
into sex work at such a tender age, some of them told me some pathetic
stories of their lives. And a lot of them gave me stories that I was grieved
about. ***
ARCHIVES *** ECPAT Country
Monitoring Report [PDF] Alexandra Smith,
ECPAT International, 2014 www.ecpat.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/A4A2011_AF_NIGERIA_FINAL.pdf [accessed 6
September 2020] Desk review of existing
information on the sexual exploitation of children (SEC) in Nigeria. The
report looks at protection mechanisms, responses, preventive measures, child
and youth participation in fighting SEC, and makes recommendations for action
against SEC. Human
Rights Reports » 2019 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices U.S. Dept of State Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and
Labor, March 10, 2020 www.state.gov/reports/2019-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/nigeria/ [accessed 6
September 2020] SEXUAL
EXPLOITATION OF CHILDREN - The 2003 Child Rights Act prohibits child commercial sexual
exploitation and sexual intercourse with a child, providing penalties for
conviction from seven years’ to life imprisonment, respectively, for any
adults involved. Two-thirds of states have adopted the act. The Trafficking
in Persons Law Enforcement and Administration Act, as amended in 2015,
criminalizes child sex trafficking and prescribes a minimum penalty of seven
years’ imprisonment and a fine of one million naira ($3,175). The VAPP
criminalizes incest and provides prison sentences for conviction of up to 10
years. The Cybercrimes Act of 2015 criminalizes the production, procurement,
distribution, and possession of child pornography with prison terms if
convicted of 10 years, a fine of 20 million naira ($63,500), or both. Sexual exploitation
of children remained a significant problem. Children were exploited in
commercial sex, both within the country and in other countries. Girls were
victims of sexual exploitation in IDP camps. There were continued reports
that camp officials and members of security forces, including some military
personnel, used fraudulent or forced marriages to exploit girls in sex
trafficking (see section 1.g.). 2018 Findings on
the Worst Forms of Child Labor Office of Child
Labor, Forced Labor, and Human Trafficking, Bureau of International Labor
Affairs, US Dept of Labor, 2019 www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/ILAB/child_labor_reports/tda2018/ChildLaborReportBook.pdf [accessed 6
September 2020] Note:: Also check out this country’s report in the more recent edition DOL
Worst Forms of Child Labor [page 884] The 2003 Child
Rights Act prohibits child commercial sexual exploitation and sexual
intercourse with a child, providing penalties for conviction from seven
years’ to life imprisonment, respectively, for any adults involved.
Two-thirds of states have adopted the act. The Trafficking in Persons Law
Enforcement and Administration Act, as amended in 2015, criminalizes child
sex trafficking and prescribes a minimum penalty of seven years’ imprisonment
and a fine of one million naira ($3,175). The VAPP
criminalizes incest and provides prison sentences for conviction of up to 10
years. The Cybercrimes Act of 2015 criminalizes the production, procurement,
distribution, and possession of child pornography with prison terms if
convicted of 10 years, a fine of 20 million naira ($63,500), or both. Sexual exploitation
of children remained a significant problem. Children were exploited in
commercial sex, both within the country and in other countries. Girls were
victims of sexual exploitation in IDP camps. There were continued reports
that camp officials and members of security forces, including some military
personnel, used fraudulent or forced marriages to exploit girls in sex
trafficking (see section 1.g.). Concluding
Observations of the Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) UN Convention on the
Rights of the Child, 28 January 2005 www1.umn.edu/humanrts/crc/nigeria2005.html [accessed 13
December 2010] [63] The Committee is
concerned about the situation of refugee and internally displaced children
living in refugee camps, and regrets the paucity of information with regard
to these children in the State party report and the State party’s position
that the issue of asylum-seeking children do not arise in Nigeria. The
Committee is particularly concerned about reports of sexual exploitation of
refugee girls and women within and outside of the camps, including female
teenagers who are forced into prostitution. The Committee is also concerned
that incidence of teenage pregnancy is high in the camp. [71] The Committee
is of the view that implementation of the existing legislation is not
effective, and is deeply concerned that the number of children who fall
victim to sexual exploitation is on the increase in the State party. The
Committee also notes with concern that reports of sexual assaults and rape of
young girls are on the increase, especially in the north. The Committee is
concerned that children victims of sexual exploitation often do not receive
adequate protection and/or recovery assistance, but may even be treated as
perpetrators of a crime. Sonnie Ekwowusi,
This Day, 5 October 2010 allafrica.com/stories/201010060483.html [accessed 27 June
2011] Among the most
disturbing aspects of child labour is child prostitution. Under the guise of
being offered a juicy employment abroad, under-aged Nigerian girls are
recruited, whisked away abroad and forced into child prostitution by syndicates
and paid agents. Such kids forced into such unspeakable lifestyle are
threatened not to tell truth to their parents or may feel too ashamed to
speak up in front of their parents. A Agency rescues
under-age sex slaves from Oladapo Shofu,
Punch, Jul 11, 2008 www.punchng.com/Articl.aspx?theartic=Art20080712021890 [accessed 27 June
2011] NAPTIP officials,
who early Tuesday morning raided the hotel located in the midst of
residential houses, rescued six girls within its walls. Items like clothes,
photographs and used and unused condoms were found in most of the rooms. The
head of the Lagos Zone of NAPTIP, Mr Godwin Morka, told Saturday Punch that six out of twelve girls
that were rescued from the hotel in January turned out to be HIV positive.
“Most of the girls we rescued are between 11 and 16 years old. Two girls aged
12 and 14 were pregnant. They don’t even know who the fathers of their unborn
babies are. “It is really saddening,” he said. Ahmed Mohammed,
Daily Trust, 8 February 2008 allafrica.com/stories/200802080545.html [partially accessed
27 June 2011 - access restricted] The 'anti human
trafficking piracy special Investigation unit' of the FCT police command has so
far rescued 105 teenagers between the ages of five to thirteen years from
human traffickers, in different places in Abuja. He said the
children were trafficked from Nassarawa, Lagos,
Kano, Kwara and some villages within the FCT to be
used as sex slaves and child labourers within the
Motor Parks, Markets and restaurants in Abuja, which contravenes section 19
of the 'Trafficking Act in Persons'. Musa disclosed
further that one of the suspects, Amina Adamu
actually confessed that she kidnapped the victims to the FCT for prostitution
as well as to be used as slaves, for her to get money. Italian police
break up child prostitution network Radio At one time this article
had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 27 June 2011] Italian police have
made scores of arrests and rolled up a child prostitution network. Fifty-one
people were arrested in Italy and 15 in other countries, mainly the
Netherlands. They are accused of human trafficking, exploitation and
kidnapping. In Nigeria, Nigerian
women took very young children from orphanages to work in the drug trade and
as prostitutes. The children are also believed to have been taken from asylum
centres in the Netherlands. The police operation
began in October 2007 when, at the request of the Dutch government, 22
Nigerians were detained in Nigeria, various European countries and the US. Nigeria/West Adeze Ojukwu,
Deputy News Editor, Daily Champion ( [accessed 24 April
2012] With increasing
incidence of trafficking in children, particularly girls for sex and domestic
work, the International Labour Organisation (ILO) estimates that the
incidence of child labour in Nigeria for persons aged 10 to 14 years is
approximately 12 million. "In the
South-West, a greater number of girls and women end up in prostitution, while
in the East, the problem affects mainly boys who find themselves
trafficking into agricultural, domestic, trading and apprenticeship
jobs," the report said. Also 60 per cent of
women trafficking victims for commercial sex in Italy are Nigerians. Five Years After
Stockholm [PDF] ECPAT: Fifth Report
on implementation of the Agenda for Action ECPAT International,
November 2001 www.no-trafficking.org/content/web/05reading_rooms/five_years_after_stockholm.pdf [accessed 13
September 2011] [B]
COUNTRY UPDATES – ECPAT: CSEC in ECPAT International
Newsletters, Issue No : 34
1/March/2001 At one time this
article had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 27 June
2011] VULNERABLE VULNERABLE
CHILDREN
- Generally, the profile of victims and perpetrators of CSEC are the same
throughout the region. The victims are children from very poor families, street
children, refugees and internally displaced children, child hawkers of petty
wares, children who are beggars, school dropouts and children of
migrants. PERPETRATORS - The majority of
perpetrators are rich local nationals like civil servants, politicians and
businessmen. In ECPAT: CSEC
Overview – ECPAT International At one time this
article had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 27 June
2011] CSEC is reported to
be a serious problem in NGO Periodic Report
for ANPPCAN Child Rights
Monitoring Center www.crin.org/docs/resources/treaties/crc.38/Nigeria_ANPPCAN_ngo_report.doc [accessed 27 June
2011] Commercial sexual
exploitation has become a problem of special concern in Trafficking
nightmare for Nigerian children Ian Pannell, BBC
News, 10 January, 2001 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/841928.stm [accessed 27 June
2011] Ian Pannell of the
BBC's PM program traveled to ***
EARLIER EDITIONS OF SOME OF THE ABOVE *** ECPAT Global
Monitoring Report on the status of action against commercial exploitation of
children - NIGERIA [PDF] ECPAT International,
2007 www.ecpat.net/A4A_2005/PDF/AF/Global_Monitoring_Report-NIGERIA.pdf [accessed 27 June
2011] The Committee on the
Rights of the Child has reported that a growing number of children are being
forced into prostitution and/or trafficked within or from Department of Labor’s 2004 Findings on the
Worst Forms of Child Labor www.dol.gov/ilab/media/reports/iclp/tda2004/nigeria.htm [accessed 13 December
2010] Note:: Also check out this country’s report in the more recent edition DOL
Worst Forms of Child Labor INCIDENCE
AND NATURE OF CHILD LABOR - Commercial sexual exploitation of children occurs in
many cities in Human Rights
Reports » 2005 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices 2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61586.htm [accessed 10
February 2020] CHILDREN - Cases of child
abuse, abandoned infants, child prostitution,
and physically harmful child labor practices remained common throughout the
country. All
material used herein reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107
for noncommercial, nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE RESPECT COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT
ARTICLES. Cite this webpage as: Patt,
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