C S E C The Commercial Sexual
Exploitation of Children In the early years of the 21st Century, 2000 to
2025 gvnet.com/childprostitution/Kazakhstan.htm
|
|||||||||||
|
CAUTION: The following links
and accompanying text have been culled from the web to illuminate the
situation in HOW TO USE THIS WEBPAGE Students If you are looking
for material to use in a term-paper, you are advised to scan the postings on
this page and others to see which aspects of child prostitution are of particular
interest to you. You might be
interested in exploring how children got started, how they survive, and how
some succeed in leaving. Perhaps your
paper could focus on runaways and the abuse that led to their leaving. Other factors of interest might be poverty,
rejection, drug dependence, coercion, violence, addiction, hunger, neglect,
etc. On the other hand, you might
choose to write about the manipulative and dangerous adults who control this
activity. There is a lot to the
subject of Child Prostitution. Scan
other countries as well as this one.
Draw comparisons between activity in adjacent countries and/or
regions. Meanwhile, check out some of
the Term-Paper
resources that are available on-line. Teachers Check out some of
the Resources
for Teachers attached to this website. HELP for Victims International Organization for
Migration ***
FEATURED ARTICLE *** Russian National Consultation
on the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children ECPAT International,
At one time this
article had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 6 June
2011] PROBLEM VARIES
ACCORDING TO THE REGION
- Internal trafficking within ***
ARCHIVES *** ECPAT Country Monitoring
Report
[PDF] Laura Jokinen, ECPAT
International, 2013 www.ecpat.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/A4A_V2_CIS_KAZAKSTAN_0.pdf [accessed 1
September 2020] Desk review of
existing information on the sexual exploitation of children (SEC) in
Kazakhstan. The report looks at protection mechanisms, responses, preventive
measures, child and youth participation in fighting SEC, and makes
recommendations for action against SEC. Human
Rights Reports » 2019 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices U.S. Dept of State Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and
Labor, March 10, 2020 www.state.gov/reports/2019-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/kazakhstan/ [accessed 1
September 2020] SEXUAL
EXPLOITATION OF CHILDREN - The law does not specify the minimum age for consensual
sex, but it provides for eight to 15 years in prison for individuals
convicted of forcing boys or girls younger than age 18 to have sexual
intercourse. UNICEF reported that data on sexual abuse of children, child
prostitution, child pornography, child trafficking, and bride kidnapping and
forced marriage of girls remains scarce, making it difficult to assess the
scale of rights violations. The law
criminalizes the production and distribution of child pornography and
provides administrative penalties to cover the sale of pornographic materials
to minors. The country retains administrative penalties for child
pornography. Perpetrators convicted of sexual offenses against minors receive
a lifetime ban on working with children. 2018 Findings on
the Worst Forms of Child Labor Office of Child
Labor, Forced Labor, and Human Trafficking, Bureau of International Labor
Affairs, US Dept of Labor, 2019 www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/ILAB/child_labor_reports/tda2018/ChildLaborReportBook.pdf [accessed 1
September 2020] Note:: Also check out this country’s report in the more recent edition DOL
Worst Forms of Child Labor [page 670] During the
reporting period, the Ministry of Internal Affairs investigated 11 cases,
including the commercial sexual exploitation of 9 children. Two perpetrators were
convicted, and the nine victims were referred to social services. (29) Concluding
Observations of the Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) UN Convention on the
Rights of the Child, 6 June 2003 www1.umn.edu/humanrts/crc/kazakhstan2003.html [accessed 16
February 2011] [72] The Committee
is concerned at: (a) The growing
involvement of children in the sex industry and the apparent indifference of society
towards the issue of child prostitution, including reports of parents
themselves reportedly forcing their children to earn money through
prostitution; (b) The lack of
specialized centers to accommodate and provide qualified services, including
psychotherapeutic and rehabilitation and reintegration programs, for child
victims of sexual violence. Report
by Special Rapporteur [DOC] UN Economic and
Social Council Commission on Human Rights, Fifty-ninth session, 6 January
2003 www.unhchr.ch/Huridocda/Huridoca.nsf/0/217511d4440fc9d6c1256cda003c3a00/$FILE/G0310090.doc [accessed 6 June
2011] [49] The sale of
children and enticing children into prostitution are criminal
offences. In the first nine months of 2002, one man and four women
were prosecuted under article 133 of the Criminal Code for trafficking in
minors. In the same period, 71 persons were prosecuted under
article 132 for enticing minors into prostitution, vagrancy or begging. In
one reported case, a woman ran a coordinated criminal organization procuring
and enticing minors into prostitution. On 27 April 2001 the Taraz city court sentenced her to four years’
imprisonment. In all such cases the minor is not held criminally
liable, and the Supreme Court of Kazakhstan has standard rules on judicial
practice in cases involving offences by minors to ensure the safeguarding of
their rights. Minors may be taken into custody as a preventive measure or
detained where they have committed a serious offence. National
Consultation on the Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children (CSEC) ECPAT International,
Almaty, 26 October 2005 At one time this
article had been archived and may possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 6 June
2011] A study
commissioned in ***
EARLIER EDITIONS OF SOME OF THE ABOVE *** The Department of Labor’s 2004 Findings on
the Worst Forms of Child Labor www.dol.gov/ilab/media/reports/iclp/tda2004/kazakhstan.htm [accessed 16 February
2011] Note:: Also check out this country’s report in the more recent edition DOL
Worst Forms of Child Labor INCIDENCE
AND NATURE OF CHILD LABOR - Reports indicate a rise in the number of children
engaged in commercial sexual exploitation, pornography and drug trafficking
in urban areas. Children working as domestic servants are often invisible
and, for this reason, also vulnerable to exploitation. Human Rights
Reports » 2005 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices 2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2005/61656.htm [accessed 9 February
2020] TRAFFICKING
IN PERSONS
– Traffickers targeted young women in their teens and 20s for sexual
exploitation. Adolescents raised in orphanages, regardless of gender, and residents of
rural and economically disadvantaged areas were particularly vulnerable to
being trafficked. The country's relative prosperity otherwise served as a
factor against citizens being trafficked through seeking employment abroad.
During the year an orphanage director in the southern part of the country was
caught attempting to traffic teenage girls to the UAE. The highly publicized
case remained ongoing at year's end. All
material used herein reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107
for noncommercial, nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE RESPECT COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT
ARTICLES. Cite this webpage as: Patt,
Prof. Martin, "Child Prostitution - |
