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CAUTION: The following links and
accompanying text have been culled from the web to illuminate the situation
in Zambia in the early years of the 21st Century. Some of these links
may lead to websites that present allegations that are unsubstantiated,
misleading or even false. No attempt has been made to validate
their authenticity or to verify their content. HOW TO USE THIS WEBPAGE Students If you are looking
for material to use in a term-paper, you are advised to scan the postings on
this page and others to see which aspects of poverty are of particular
interest to you. You might be
interested in exploring the relationship between distribution of labor and
per-capita GDP, for example. Perhaps
your paper could focus on life expectancy or infant mortality. Other factors of interest might be
unemployment, literacy, access to basic services, etc. On the other hand, you might choose to
include some of the possible outgrowths of poverty such as Human Trafficking,
Street Children,
or even Prostitution. There is a lot to the subject of
Poverty. Scan other countries as well
as this one. Draw comparisons between
activity in adjacent countries and/or regions. Meanwhile, check out some of the Term-Paper resources
that are available on-line. Teachers Check out some of
the Resources
for Teachers attached to this website. *** Extreme Weather *** The
mean annual temperature in Zambia is projected to increase by 1.2 to 3.4°C by
the 2060s and 1.6 to 5.5°C by the 2090s. Notably,
southern Zambia is expected to experience around a 30% increment in the
number of days with extreme heat, while the northern half may see a 40%
increase by the middle of the century (2021–2050). – adapted from Microsoft BING Copilot *** ARCHIVES *** The World Factbook - Zambia U.S. Central Intelligence Agency CIA www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/za.html [accessed 17
November 2020] World Factbook
website has moved to ---> www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/zambia/ [accessed 11 January 2021] Despite
recent strong economic growth and its status as a lower middle-income
country, widespread and extreme rural poverty and high unemployment levels
remain significant problems, made worse by a high birth rate, a relatively
high HIV/AIDS burden, by market-distorting agricultural and energy policies,
and growing government debt. GDP -
per capita (PPP): $4,000 (2017
est.) Labor
force - by occupation: agriculture:
54.8% industry:
9.9% services: 35.3% (2017 est.) Unemployment
rate: 15% (2008
est.) Population
below poverty line: 54.4% (2015
est.) Maternal
mortality rate: 213
deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) Infant
mortality rate: total: 56
deaths/1,000 live births Life
expectancy at birth: total population: 53.6 years Drinking
water source: improved: total: 67.5% of
population Physicians
density: 0.16 physicians/1,000 population (2016) Sanitation
facility access: improved: total: 44.1% of
population Electricity
access: electrification - total population: 33% (2016) The
Borgen Project - Zambia borgenproject.org/category/zambia/ [accessed 21 March 2021] The Borgen Project works with U.S. leaders to utilize the
United States’ platform behind efforts toward improving living conditions for
the world’s poor. It is an innovative,
national campaign that is working to make poverty a focus of U.S. foreign
policy. It believes that leaders of
the most powerful nation on earth should be doing more to address global
poverty. From ending segregation to providing women with the right to vote,
nearly every wrong ever righted in history was achieved through advocacy. The
Borgen Project addresses the big picture, operating
at the political level advancing policies and programs that improve living
conditions for those living on less than $1 per day. ~
The Remarkable People Of Zambia borgenproject.org/people-of-zambia/ ~
Ecovillages: The New Generation Of Poverty Reduction borgenproject.org/ecovillages/ ~
Colalife In Zambia: Preventing Diarrheal
Deaths borgenproject.org/colalife-in-zambia/ ~
Family Legacy Combats Child Poverty In Zambia borgenproject.org/child-poverty-in-zambia/ ~
Improving Healthcare In Zambia borgenproject.org/improving-healthcare-in-zambia/ ~
Homelessness In Zambia: The Negative Side Of Urbanization borgenproject.org/homelessness-in-zambia-the-negative-side-of-urbanization/ ~
Zambia’s Mining Industry Strikes Gold borgenproject.org/zambias-mining-industry/ ~
7 Facts About Tuberculosis In Zambia borgenproject.org/tuberculosis-in-zambia/ ~
Ending Child Marriage In Zambia borgenproject.org/ending-child-marriage-in-zambia/ Empowering
rural women in Zambia to move out of poverty World Bank, 7 July 2021 [accessed 9 July
2021] National
data confirmed that investments in human capital development—health, education,
and social protection for the poorest and most vulnerable households—were
critical to national economic growth. According to national household data
and World Bank analyses, when girls went to secondary school, they earned
almost 100 percent more than their peers who did not. And when women worked
outside of agriculture, their earnings increased by roughly 35 percent. Based
on this knowledge, Zambia made it a priority to help more girls and women
reach their potential. With support from IDA, the Girls’ Education and
Women’s Empowerment and Livelihoods (GEWEL) Program was created. The
project works to increase access to livelihood support for women and access
to secondary education for disadvantaged adolescent girls in extremely poor
households in selected districts. With
the productive grant she received from the GEWEL program, Ms. Mwamba bought
three goats and used the remainder of the money to buy rice. She began
selling rice in her rural community and has been able to successfully improve
the quality of life for her family. ENERGY
for Africa : The Power to Industrialize and Reach Zero Poverty PD Lawton, African Agenda, 16 May 2021 africanagenda.net/energy-for-africa-the-power-to-industrialize-and-reach-zero-poverty/ [accessed 23 May
2021] EDGAR
LUNGU`S ZAMBIA TO POWER THE FUTURE -- Under the presidency of Edgar Lungu steps were taken to fast track a nuclear power
program. In 2015-16 Zambia lost power capacity and the economy dropped by
40%.This was a result of prolonged regional drought which made hydropower
ineffective. As key
to initiating the nuclear program, government started the Centre for Nuclear
Science and Technology which is a vehicle for training personnel who will
operate the plant and will advance Zambia in science and technology. Growing
out of poverty through vegetable gardens. Tigana Chileshe, World Vision Zambia Communications Officer, 22 December 2020 www.wvi.org/stories/zambia/growing-out-poverty-through-vegetable-gardens [accessed 23 December 2020] Davison
Muwele, 58, is a passionate man; as a lead farmer,
he is driven by a desire to see his community members grow out of poverty
like he is doing. So he teaches and trains anyone interested in learning how
to farm vegetables for profit. So far,
he has trained 29 families in Makaba village in farming
God’s way, and they all now have gardens, tapping water from the Makaba dam through to canals set up by World Vision. “When
we picked Davison to train him as a lead farmer, we saw a man who was
determined to impact his community.” She says, “What’s even more impressive
is his dedication to empowering vulnerable women such as widows, and families
through training.” She adds. The
women that Davison has trained are beginning to realise
their way out of abject poverty. ‘Poverty
is the root of disorders in the country’ The Perspective with Edward Bwalya
Phiri The Mast, 13 December 2020 [Long
URL] [accessed 13 December 2020] Zambia
is among nations with a relatively high poverty rate in the world. Habitat
for Humanity reported that, “Despite Zambia having one of the fastest growing
economies, it remains one of the world’s poorest countries. Currently, close to
64 per cent of Zambians live under $2 a day and the majority of those who
earn more barely make ends-meet. Indeed, over 40 per cent of them are
considered to live in extreme poverty [under $1.25 (now $1.9) a day].” Further,
the 2019 Labour Force Survey (LFS) Report by the
Zambia Statistics Agency [ZamStats] states that out
of a total working age population of 9,706,101, only 2,995,103 were employed
translating into a 30.9 per cent employment rate. Unemployment
is rife among the youth, especially, where only 17.9 per cent (about
1,828,753) are employed. Perhaps that explains why youths are used as
political mercenaries, for them it’s a way to earn a living. Apart
from the unemployment and the bleak status of other variables, access to
electricity is unacceptably low. According to USAID, at least 31 per cent of
the population has access to the commodity. While in urban areas access to
electricity is at 67 per cent, in the rural areas only a paltry 4 per cent
has access to the commodity. The
World Bank in Zambia www.worldbank.org/en/country/zambia/overview [accessed 21 April 2021] The
World Bank has partnered with Zambia since 1955 to support the country's
development projects, including mining, infrastructure and health. Looking
back a few years … Advameg, Inc., Encyclopedia of the Nations www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Africa/Zambia-ECONOMY.html [accessed 13 December 2020] The
Zambian economy was in a precarious state during the 1990s. High inflation,
severe drought, declining export prices, and failed economic policies all
took their toll ... The impact of inflation on the poor, the middle class, and
business eroded public support for the government's reform policies. In 2000
Zambia became eligible for $3.8 billion in debt relief under the IMF/World
Bank Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative. All material
used herein reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107 for
noncommercial, nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE RESPECT
COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT ARTICLES. Cite this webpage as: Prof. Martin
Patt, "Poverty - Zambia", http://gvnet.com/poverty/Zambia.htm,
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