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CAUTION: The following links
and accompanying text have been culled from the web to illuminate the
situation in Sudan in the early years of the 21st Century. Some of
these links may lead to websites that present allegations that are
unsubstantiated, misleading or even false. No attempt has been
made to validate their authenticity or to verify their content. HOW TO USE THIS WEBPAGE Students If you are looking
for material to use in a term-paper, you are advised to scan the postings on this
page and others to see which aspects of poverty are of particular interest to
you. You might be interested in
exploring the relationship between distribution of labor and per-capita GDP,
for example. Perhaps your paper could
focus on life expectancy or infant mortality.
Other factors of interest might be unemployment, literacy, access to
basic services, etc. On the other
hand, you might choose to include some of the possible outgrowths of poverty
such as Human Trafficking,
Street Children,
or even Prostitution. There is a lot to the subject of
Poverty. Scan other countries as well
as this one. Draw comparisons between
activity in adjacent countries and/or regions. Meanwhile, check out some of the Term-Paper resources
that are available on-line. Teachers Check out some of
the Resources
for Teachers attached to this website. *** Extreme Weather *** Sudan
experiences mean annual temperatures between 26°C and 32°C, with summer
temperatures in the northern regions often exceeding 43°C. However,
projections indicate that by mid-century, mean annual temperatures could
increase between 1.5°C (best scenario) and 2.6°C (worst scenario) Additionally, climate models forecast a
warming of 1.5°C to 3.1°C during the August rainy season and 1.1°C to 2.1°C
above the January dry-season baseline by 2060. Recently,
South Sudan has been hit by an extreme heatwave, with temperatures reaching
up to 45°C (113°F). Authorities have ordered the closure of all schools, and
children are advised to stay indoors due to the excessive heat. Deaths
related to the extreme weather have already been reported. – adapted from Microsoft BING Copilot *** ARCHIVES *** The World Factbook - Sudan U.S. Central Intelligence Agency CIA www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/su.html [accessed 17
November 2020] World Factbook
website has moved to ---> www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/sudan/ [accessed 10 January 2021] ECONOMIC OVERVIEW - suffering from
protracted social conflict and the loss of three quarters of its oil production
due to the secession of South Sudan; struggling to stabilize its economy and
make up for the loss of foreign exchange earnings; world’s largest exporter
of gum Arabic, producing 75-80% of the world’s total output; agriculture
employs 80% of the work force. GDP -
per capita (PPP): $4,300 (2017
est.) Labor
force - by occupation: agriculture:
80% industry:
7% services: 13% (1998 est.) Unemployment
rate: 19.6% (2017
est.) Population
below poverty line: 46.5% (2009
est.) Maternal
mortality rate: 295 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) Infant
mortality rate: total: 41.8 deaths/1,000 live births Life
expectancy at birth: total population: 66.5 years Drinking
water source: improved: total: 87% of population Physicians
density: 0.26 physicians/1,000 population (2017) Sanitation
facility access: improved: total: 44.9% of
population Electricity
access: electrification - total population: 45% (2016) The
Borgen Project - Sudan borgenproject.org/category/sudan/ [accessed 7 March 2021] The Borgen Project works with U.S. leaders to utilize the
United States’ platform behind efforts toward improving living conditions for
the world’s poor. It is an innovative,
national campaign that is working to make poverty a focus of U.S. foreign
policy. It believes that leaders of
the most powerful nation on earth should be doing more to address global
poverty. From ending segregation to providing women with the right to vote,
nearly every wrong ever righted in history was achieved through advocacy. The
Borgen Project addresses the big picture, operating
at the political level advancing policies and programs that improve living
conditions for those living on less than $1 per day. ~
Liquid Petroleum Gas Stoves Fight Poverty In Darfur borgenproject.org/liquid-petroleum-gas/ ~
Foreign Aid To Sudan Goes To The Impoverished borgenproject.org/foreign-aid-to-sudan/ ~
USAID Provides $20 Million Worth Of Wheat To Sudan borgenproject.org/wheat-to-sudan/ ~
The Education And Poverty Crisis In Sudan borgenproject.org/education-and-poverty-crisis-in-sudan/ ~
Improving Women’s Rights In Sudan borgenproject.org/improving-womens-rights-in-sudan/ ~
Sudanese Refugees In Egypt Face Impoverished Conditions borgenproject.org/sudanese-refugees-in-egypt-face-impoverished-conditions/ ~
The Fight For Women’s Rights In Sudan borgenproject.org/womens-rights-in-sudan/ World
Bank chief: Sudan improving from situation of shortages AlJazeera News, 30 September 2021 [ Long
URL ] [accessed 1 October
2021] Last
month, inflation slowed slightly to 388 percent and a sharply devalued
currency has shown signs of stabilising, but many
Sudanese are struggling with poverty, shortages of medicines, and power cuts. Sudan
has, for years, struggled with an array of economic woes, including a huge
budget deficit and widespread shortages and soaring prices for essential
goods. Conditions
worsened after the oil-rich south seceded in 2011 after decades of war,
taking with it more than half of public revenues and 95 percent of exports. During
the next year, the World Bank says it will commit about $2bn in grants to
help tackle poverty and inequality, and boost growth. Hunger Hotspots - FAO-WFP early warnings on acute food insecurity - March to July 2021 outlook Food and Agriculture Org of the UN FAO, World Food Program WFP, 2021 [accessed 30 May 2021] OTHER
COUNTRIES OF HIGHEST CONCERN -- In the Sudan, a deteriorating economic
crisis – compounded by the socio-economic effects of COVID-19 – has resulted
in exceptionally high food prices. Along with a potential uptick in
intercommunal clashes, these factors are expected to continue driving high
levels of acute food insecurity in the country where 1.3 million people were
already estimated to be in Emergency (IPC Phase 4) from October to December
2020. The
World Bank in Sudan www.worldbank.org/en/country/sudan/overview [accessed 13 July 2021] The
secession of South Sudan induced multiple economic shocks. The biggest one
being the loss of the oil revenue that accounted for more than half of
Sudan’s government revenue and 95% of its exports. This has reduced economic
growth, and resulted in double-digit consumer price inflation, which,
together with increased fuel prices, triggered violent protests in September 2013. In
addition to the political and economic uncertainty, Sudan, like the rest of
the world, has been experiencing the unprecedented social and economic impact
of the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic. The COVID-19 shock is expected to be
transitory with potential recovery possible in 2021 but the overall adverse
economic impact on Sudan will be substantial. The economic impact of COVID-19
includes the increased price of basic foods, rising unemployment, and falling
exports. Restrictions on movement are making the economic situation worse,
with commodity prices soaring across the country. According to the
International Monetary Fund has already forecasted an overall economic
stagnation in 2020 in Sudan. Looking back a few years … Advameg, Inc., Encyclopedia of the Nations www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Africa/Sudan-ECONOMY.html [accessed 10 January 2021] Sudan
has an agricultural economy, employing 80% of the workforce, holding considerable
potential for irrigated production. Cotton and sesame account for almost a
quarter each of export earnings. The livestock sector is sizable as well.
However, droughts have led to recent famines, and civil war has led to the
virtual collapse of the economy. The slave trade is alive and prospering in
Sudan, operating at about $50 a head in 1999. All
material used herein reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107
for noncommercial, nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE RESPECT COPYRIGHTS
OF COMPONENT ARTICLES. Cite this webpage as: Prof. Martin Patt,
"Poverty - Sudan", http://gvnet.com/poverty/Sudan.htm, [accessed
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