Human Trafficking in [Sudan Street Children in [Sudan] [other countries]Child Prostitution in [Sudan] [other countries] |
Human Trafficking & Modern-day Slavery Republic of Sudan [ Country-by-Country
Reports ] The Sudan is a source country for men, women, and children
trafficked internally for the purposes of forced labor and sexual
exploitation. Sudan is also a transit and destination country for Ethiopian
women trafficked abroad for domestic servitude. Sudanese women and girls are
trafficked within the country, as well as possibly to Middle Eastern
countries such as Qatar, for domestic servitude. In 2007, Greek law
enforcement authorities identified a female sex trafficking victim from
Sudan. The terrorist rebel organization, Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA),
continues to harbor small numbers of Sudanese and Ugandan children in the
southern part of the country for use as cooks, porters, and combatants; some
of these children are also trafficked across borders into Uganda or the
Democratic Republic of the Congo. In March 2007, six Sudanese girls were
abducted by the LRA near Maridi, Western Equatoria. Sudanese children are
unlawfully conscripted, at times through abduction, and utilized by armed
rebel groups—including all SLA factions, the Popular Defense Forces,
Janjaweed militia, and Chadian opposition forces—in Sudan’s ongoing conflict
in Darfur; the Sudanese Armed Forces and associated militias also continue to
exploit young children in this region. There were confirmed reports of
unlawful child recruitment in mid-2007 by the JEM/Peace Wing among
communities of internally displaced persons in Dereig, South Darfur. Militia
groups in Darfur, some of which are linked to the government, abduct women
for short periods of forced labor and to perpetrate sexual violence. Forcible
recruitment of adults and particularly children by virtually all armed groups
involved in Sudan’s concluded north-south civil war was commonplace;
thousands of children still associated with these forces await demobilization
and reintegration into their communities of origin. In addition to the
exploitation of children by armed groups during the two decades-long
north-south civil war, thousands of Dinka women and children were abducted
and subsequently enslaved by members of the Missiriya and Rezeigat tribes
during this time. An unknown number of children from the Nuba tribe were
similarly abducted and enslaved. A portion of those who were abducted and
enslaved remained with their abductors in South Darfur and West Kordofan and
experienced varying types of treatment; others were sold or given to third
parties, including in other regions of the country; and some ultimately
escaped from their captors. While there have been no known new abductions of Dinka
by members of Baggara tribes in the last few years, inter-tribal abductions
continue in southern Sudan, especially in Jonglei and Eastern Equatoria
states.
- U.S. State Dept Trafficking in Persons Report, June, 2008 [full country report] |
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CAUTION: The following links have been
culled from the web to illuminate the situation in ***
FEATURED ARTICLES *** 880 Sudanese Slaves Liberated - Thousands Remain Enslaved in Darfur, Kordofan Most of the returning slaves
documented by CSI reported gross abuse by their Arab Muslim masters. Among
the most widespread forms of abuse are beatings, death threats, work without
pay, forced Islamization and Arabization, and racial and religious slurs. The
majority of women and older girls said they were raped or gang-raped while in
bondage. A minority of the females claim they were subjected to female
genital mutilation (FGM) — a ritual that is the cultural norm for Baggara
Arab women. From Slavery to Freedom...Please read Bok said he was captured by the
raiders and, along with two little girls, was placed on a donkey and carted
north. "The girls were crying, and when they did not stop after being
told to do so, a soldier pulled out his pistol and shot one of them," he
said. "The other girl kept crying, and then he shot her." Bok was taken to Kirio, he said,
where he was given to an Arab man, who presented him to the entire household.
They all beat him. "They always called me 'abeed,' which means black
slave, and I had to sleep with the cows," he said, adding that he was
always fed leftovers from the master's table. Women and children abducted in
slave raids are roped by the neck or strapped to animals and then marched
north. Along the way, many women and girls are repeatedly gang-raped.
Children who will not be silent are shot on the spot. In the north, slaves
are either kept by individual militia soldiers or sold in markets. Boys work
as livestock herders, forced to sleep with the animals they care for. "Some who try to escape have
their Achilles tendons cut to hamper their ability to run. Masters typically
use women and girls as domestics and concubines, cleaning by day and serving
the master sexually by night. Survivors report being called "Abeed"
(black slave), enduring daily beatings, and receiving awful food. Masters
also strip slaves of their religious and cultural identities, giving them
Arabic names and forcing them to pray as Muslims." Young Boy Slaves Gang-Raped In Sudan During a recent fact finding trip to Southern Sudan, Freedom Now World News discovered overwhelming evidence that young black, boy slaves are repeatedly gang-raped by their Arab masters. While previous reports on slavery have focused mainly on the gang-rape of female slaves, sociologist and investigative reporter, Maria Sliwa received testimony from numerous boy victims of rape. Many of the redeemed slaves told Sliwa that in order to avoid rape, male slaves would try to escape but were hunted down like animals by their masters. The punishment for resisting rape is often severe beatings, death or limb amputation. ***
ARCHIVES *** Bur of Democracy,
Human Rights & Labor - Country
Reports on Human Rights Practices - 2005 TRAFFICKING
IN PERSONS – There
were no informed estimates on the extent of trafficking, either for jockeys
or for sexual exploitation. There were credible reports that tribal leaders with
government connections transported children to the There were credible reports that
intertribal abductions of women and children continued in the South. Victims
frequently became part of the new tribal family, with most women marrying
into the new tribe; however, some victims were used for labor or sexual
purposes. As intertribal fighting in the South decreased, the number of
abductions also appeared to decline. The government acknowledged that
abductions occurred and that abductees were sometimes forced into domestic
servitude and sexual exploitation. The CEAWC and its 22 joint tribal
committees investigated abduction cases and sought to facilitate the safe
return of victims. CEAWC did not pursue legal action against abductors. CEAWC
reported that since 1999, 1,354 abductees were reunited with their families.
Credible sources noted that some of the CEAWC-facilitated reunions were
forced repatriations of persons over age 18 against the wishes of the
abductees. During the past 20 years, the LRA
kidnapped more than 20 thousand Ugandan children, took them back to the
southern part of the country, and forced them to become sex slaves, pack
animals, or soldiers. Many of the victims were killed. The LRA also abducted
citizens while raiding towns in the South. According to SPLM/A officials, on
November 21, suspected LRA rebels abducted 11 people in Concluding
Observations Of The Committee On The Rights Of The Child (CRC) - 2002 [61] The Committee welcomes the
work of the Committee for the Eradication of Abduction of Women and Children.
However, it remains concerned that the State party's legislation does not
adequately prohibit slavery or sanction those engaged in it and that
thousands of children have been abducted and enslaved in the context of the
armed conflict as well as for commercial gain (i.e. sold as servants,
agricultural laborers and concubines, or forcibly recruited as soldiers). Sudanese
children abducted for fighting and sex-UN Children in Sudan, especially in
the Darfur region, continue to be abducted for use in battle, forced labour
or sexual exploitation, a U.N. human rights body said on Friday. The U.N. Committee on the Rights of the
Child called on the Khartoum government to intensify its efforts to prevent
children being abducted and to help reunify victims with their families. - htsccp Activists
‘Outraged’ over Upgrading Status of Sudan “The government of U.S.
Government's Elevation of Sudan's Slavery Status Challenged A State Department memorandum
justifying the Presidential Determination, dated 21 September, claims that
the Government of Sudan has made "significant efforts" to bring
itself into compliance with Neither the TIP office, nor the
Sudanese government, however, has been able to provide details of such
alleged measures. A Hero
in Hell. Former Drug Dealer Frees Abducted Child Soldiers in Sudan and Uganda The children of the LRA perform
these acts at the bidding of their adult counterparts and make up about 80
percent of the rebel group, according to the United Nations. The LRA has
kidnapped more than 20,000 children since 1988 and today its captives
constitute the largest army of child soldiers in For
Sudan Slaves, Freedom at a Cost The map of Majok’s life is carved
on his body in scars. They trace the vicious beatings, his castration, the
time he was left hanging by a rope around his neck. But grief and trauma have
erased nearly every other scrap of his boyhood story. 880 Sudanese
Slaves Liberated - Thousands Remain Enslaved in Darfur, Kordofan Most of the returning slaves documented by CSI reported gross abuse by their Arab Muslim masters. Among the most widespread forms of abuse are beatings, death threats, work without pay, forced Islamization and Arabization, and racial and religious slurs. The majority of women and older girls said they were raped or gang-raped while in bondage. A minority of the females claim they were subjected to female genital mutilation (FGM) — a ritual that is the cultural norm for Baggara Arab women. Children from Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sudan are still being smuggled to the United Arab Emirates to work as camel jockeys, despite a law passed two years ago banning their use. It is not uncommon for child jockeys to fall off and be injured while racing, and their illegal status means race track owners are often reluctant to take them to hospital. Instead, says Ansar Burney, the boys often arrive with broken hands or broken legs. And many, he says, have been sodomized. Refugee
From Sudan Tells Of Enslavement Deng was given as a gift to an Arab family, and he had no chance of trying to escape in a predominantly Arab town. "We were treated like animals," Deng said. Abuk Bak was 10 when the Arab militia came for the farm
animals her family raised. They
attacked her village in southern From Slavery to Freedom...Please read Bok said he was captured by the
raiders and, along with two little girls, was placed on a donkey and carted
north. "The girls were crying, and when they did not stop after being
told to do so, a soldier pulled out his pistol and shot one of them," he
said. "The other girl kept crying, and then he shot her." Bok was taken to Kirio, he said,
where he was given to an Arab man, who presented him to the entire household.
They all beat him. "They always called me 'abeed,' which means black
slave, and I had to sleep with the cows," he said, adding that he was
always fed leftovers from the master's table. Freedom
House Country Report - Political Rights: 7 Civil Liberties: 7 Status: Not Free Human Rights Overview by Human
Rights Watch – Defending Human Rights Worldwide U.S. Library of Congress
- Country Study Black Sudanese Slaves Liberated The 191 freed slaves, mainly women
and children, had been captured during Sudanese government-sponsored raids
against Black African villages in Southern Sudan. They had been forced to
serve Baggara Arab masters living in Northern Sudan, especially Darfur and
neighboring Kordofan. Slave interviews confirm a pattern
of severe physical and psychological abuse. Freed female slaves claimed to
have been raped and subjected to genital mutilation (FGM). Some freed boy
slaves also reported having been raped by masters. Sudanese Slave
'Crucified' by his Master Not Unusual in Central African Nation "After brutally beating
Joseph on the head and all over his body, the master laid him out on a wooden
plank. He then nailed Joseph to the plank by driving nine-inch nails through
his hands, knees and feet. He then poured acid on Joseph's legs to inflict
even greater pain, and finally left him for dead." Uganda:
Forgotten crisis or global cover-up? The Lord's Resistance Army (LRA),
a rebel group and religious sect, has been terrorising northern Uganda for
years, uprooting almost the entire population of Acholiland, kidnapping
children to camps in southern Sudan and forcing them to become fighters and
sex slaves. Mende
Nazer: Fighting for Asylum The United Nations estimates that
up to 15,000 Sudanese, primarily in southern Sudan, have been abducted and
sold into slavery by militiamen loyal to Sudan’s Islamist government.
According to Human Rights Watch, this slave trade is sanctioned by Sudan’s
regime as part of its counterinsurgency war against the SPLM/A. OVERVIEW OF THE SUDAN SITUATION - There
are at least 4 ways in which large numbers of Sudanese men, women and
children lose their freedom: Some marauding, government-backed
militias, who are mainly from the Baggara tribe in western Sudan, attack
primarily villages of the Dinka tribe in southern Sudan. These raids are one
manifestation of a long-standing religious/racial/language conflict in that
country that has been fueling a civil war for the past 40 years. More lives
have allegedly been lost in Sudan's civil war than in Bosnia, Rwanda and
Kosovo combined. Because of the civil war, tribal
animosities in the south have been aggravated. An ancient tribal practice has
once more become common: women and children are being abducted by rival
tribes. The victims are kidnapped and held until their relatives can scrape
up enough ransom money to buy them back. The Sudan Foundation, a non-Muslim
group, claims that "Outside those areas controlled by the Sudanese
Government, the old practice of inter-tribal feuding continues. In these
raids prisoners are taken, who must then be ransomed. What looks like the
purchase of slaves is actually the redemption of prisoners of war." The Sudan Peoples Liberation Army
(SPLA), which is fighting the Sudanese government, has raided villagers and
forced men and children to work as laborers or porters for the rebel army.
Some have been forcibly conscripted into the army. Two million people have died in
the conflict, mostly civilians. In the center of this carnage a huge slave
trade is going on. Civilians, mostly women and children, with their husbands
slain have little ability to resist and are being sold into slavery to
the northern Sudan Muslims and the eastern emirates. The Peace
FAQ: Slavery, Slaves - Frequently Asked Questions ARE THE ARABS STILL BUYING AND
SELLING AFRICANS?
- Religious persecution of Christians
in the Middle East has reached extreme forms of human degradation: In Sudan,
abundant reports by international human rights organizations have documented
the enslavement by the northern fundamentalist forces of southern African
Christians. According to the reports and experts, there are today between
600,000 and one million Black slaves from Sudan, who have either been taken
to the north of that country to work as domestics or tending farms, or sold
in other Arab countries. Hundreds
of slaves freed in Sudan Over the past three weeks, the
organization says, 503 slaves, mainly women and children, were gathered from
government-run camps in northern Sudan. Most of the slaves had been held in
the camps for between one and three years. The 374 slaves were tightly packed
in open trucks, approximately 55 on each truck. The remaining 129 of the 503
slaves had not yet arrived as of yesterday. Human
Security in Sudan: The Report of a Canadian Assessment Mission [PDF] MANDATE - a) independently investigate
human rights violations, specifically in reference to allegations of slavery
and slavery-like practices in Sudan, 56 Boy Slaves
Freed from Cattle Camps 56 boy slaves were liberated at
the end of April from the cattle camps of Arab nomads in the borderlands
between northern and southern Sudan. Their liberation was a joint action
undertaken by CSI and the Arab-Dinka Peace Committee based at the borderland
market town of Warawar. The boys had been abducted during government
sponsored jihad slave raids against Black African, non-Muslim communities in
northern Bahr El Ghazal. Upon releasing the slaves, the
head of the Baggara cattle camps between the Bahr el Arab and Lol Rivers,
Shegir Al Agar, claimed that the boys had been very happy with their masters,
whom they affectionately called "father." However, interviews with
the boys revealed a clear pattern of physical and psychological abuse. They
reported cases of beatings, stabbings, boy rape, racial insults, death
threats, and forcible conversion to Islam. MAY 28, 2003 - PRESIDENT BUSH URGED
TO HELP FREE SUDANESE SLAVES NOW - CONDITIONS RIPE FOR MASS EXODUS OF SLAVES
- Since 1995, CSI has
facilitated the liberation and return of slaves through an 'Underground
Railway' based on local Arab-Black African peace agreements. Over 6,000 women
and children have returned to their homes through this mechanism in the first
half of this year. However, tens of thousands of women and children remain
enslaved, according to community leaders in both Northern and Southern Sudan.
CSI's extensive documentation reveals that Sudanese slaves are routinely
subjected to beatings, gang rape, mutilation -- including FGM -- racial
insults and forcible conversion. She was just 12 when one night her
village was targeted by Arab slave raiders, who snatched her away from her
loving family to be a slave in far away Khartoum. The story of her capture and life in
servitude, published in her book Slave, reads like something from the Middle
Ages but it happened in the early 1990s and she says this is still the lot of
many young girls from southern Sudan.
She worked from first thing in the morning until late at night,
washing, cleaning and ironing, without any pay or days off, sleeping in a
locked shed in the garden. Women and children abducted in
slave raids are roped by the neck or strapped to animals and then marched
north. Along the way, many women and girls are repeatedly gang-raped.
Children who will not be silent are shot on the spot. In the north, slaves
are either kept by individual militia soldiers or sold in markets. Boys work
as livestock herders, forced to sleep with the animals they care for. "Some who try to escape have
their Achilles tendons cut to hamper their ability to run. Masters typically
use women and girls as domestics and concubines, cleaning by day and serving
the master sexually by night. Survivors report being called "Abeed"
(black slave), enduring daily beatings, and receiving awful food. Masters
also strip slaves of their religious and cultural identities, giving them
Arabic names and forcing them to pray as Muslims." Saudi Religious Leader Calls for Slavery's Legalization Muslims, in contrast, still think the old way. Slavery still exists in a host of majority-Muslim countries (especially Sudan and Mauritania, also Saudi Arabia and Pakistan) and it is a taboo subject. To enable pious Muslims to avoid interest, an Islamic financial industry worth an estimated $150 billion has developed. The challenge ahead is clear:
Muslims must emulate their fellow monotheists by modernizing their religion
with regard to slavery, interest and much else. No more fighting jihad to
impose Muslim rule. No more endorsement of suicide terrorism. No more
second-class citizenship for non-Muslims. Jihad
Slavery: An Ugly Living Legacy The cruelty that Francis Bok
experienced at age seven defies civilized human conception. Today, Francis Bok is not only
free. He has educated himself. And he has fulfilled his father’s dreams. He
is like twelve men. He speaks for the enslaved Dinka masses, still suffering
Islamic razzias in Southern Sudan. He speaks for his murdered parents and
sisters. He speaks for the enslaved Dinka children, far less lucky than he. There is a killing place in Africa
called the oilfields of the Sudan. Here the Sudanese government (GOS)
practices systemic genocide with a vengeance on its own people. In this place
a more able world has ignored the cries of cruelly persecuted natives who
have lived here for many generations. In this place a terrible holocaust is
taking place each day. Here a repressive government kills its own after the
events of September 11th, with impunity, challenging the United Nations and
the coalition's resolutions to enforce the protocol of 1948 outlawing
genocide. More than 11,000 people have been
abducted in 20 years of slave-raiding in Sudan, a new report says. Some 10,000 of these are still missing and
many are being held as slaves, one of the report's authors told BBC News
Online. SLAVERY IN
SUDAN: The New Holocaust An instructive case is Sudan.
Atrocities there exceed every other world horror. For 10 years the blacks of
South Sudan have been victims of an onslaught that has taken more than 2
million lives. Colin Powell calls it ''the worst human rights nightmare on
the planet.'' Yet with the important exception of the black Christian
community here, there has been a disturbingly muted reaction from well-known
American human rights champions. The media cover the deaths in Sudan only
occasionally. Young Boy
Slaves Gang-Raped In Sudan During a recent fact finding trip
to Southern Sudan, Freedom Now World News discovered overwhelming evidence that
young black, boy slaves are repeatedly gang-raped by their Arab masters.
While previous reports on slavery have focused mainly on the gang-rape of
female slaves, sociologist and investigative reporter, Maria Sliwa received
testimony from numerous boy victims of rape. Many of the redeemed slaves told
Sliwa that in order to avoid rape, male slaves would try to escape but were
hunted down like animals by their masters. The punishment for resisting rape
is often severe beatings, death or limb amputation. Slavery and
Slave Redemption in the Sudan Human Rights Watch has long
denounced slavery in Sudan in the context of the nineteen-year civil war. In
this contemporary form of slavery government-backed and armed militia of the
Baggara tribes raid to capture children and women who are then held in
conditions of slavery in western Sudan and elsewhere. They are forced to work
for free in homes and in fields, punished when they refuse, and abused physically
and sometimes sexually. Jok emphasizes that the
contemporary practice of slavery in Sudan is not the result of two decades of
civil war, as conventional wisdom in the media would have one believe.
Instead he revisits the historic hostilities between the Islamic world to the
north and, to the south, the Black African peoples, many of whom are
Christian converts. For Arab traders "the nation
of the blacks," or Bilad Al-Sudan, has traditionally been the source of
slaves. When the slave trade developed into corporate enterprise in the
nineteenth century, the slave-takers articulated distinctions based on race,
ethnicity, and religion that marked the black, infidel southerners as
indisputably inferior and therefore "natural" slaves. Such
distinctions have survived for decades and have fueled various forms of
oppression of the black south, even during those periods when slavery has not
been authorized by the government. When it is authorized, as it is today,
slavery then becomes the extreme form of this systemic oppression. MODERN DAY SLAVERY - Modern day slavery first
emerged with the support of the government of Sudan during the time Sadiq el
Mahdi was Prime Minister of Sudan, 1986-1989. The complicity of the
Government of Sudan (GOS) in encouraging the murahileen Arab militia were
first documented by 2 University of Khartoum professors, Dr. Ushari Mahamoud
and Dr. Suleyman Ali Baldo themselves devout Muslims and Arabs from the
North. DESCRIPTION OF INCIDENT - In 1987, Dr.Ushari Mahmoud
co-authored an independent investigation into a massacre in the Sudanese town
of ed Dai'en and the revival of practices of slavery in the region. He
concluded that the government was actively encouraging the elements who were
responsible for both the massacre and the resurgence of slavery..."
A 13-year-old boy, Yak Kenyang Adeiu, had all his fingers cut off by
his slave master.
Mawien Aher Bol had his finger cut off by his master because he lost a
goat.
Angot Wol Angra was attacked by her master's brother with a knife when
she lost a goat.
Arek Kiir had her throat cut and her chest burned because she refused
to give up her infant to a slave master.
Agom Bol Akuei and her children were forced to carry a heavy load of
salt, looted by slave traders. She collapsed under the weight, and the load
of salt crushed her jaw. She received no medical attention.
Garang Deng Yel and Athian Athian Athian had their arms chopped off
with an ax by slave owners when they went north to try to rescue their
enslaved wives and children.
A woman who walked with a severe limp recounted to me how she had been
gang-raped by her master and 10 others. When she resisted, the men violently
forced her legs apart, dislocating one of her hips from the joint. Is
there Slavery in Sudan? [PDF] 3. INFORMATION GIVEN TO ANTI-SLAVERY'S
REPRESENTATIVES BY INDIVIDUALS WITH PERSONAL EXPERIENCE OF ABDUCTION 3.1 GABRIEL MUONG DENG, A YOUNG MAN
INTERVIEWED IN AD-DHA'EIN 58. I am from Warawar [possibly
Wedweil], near Marial Bai (in North Bahr El Ghazal). I was abducted about
five years ago and spent about four years working for a man called Adam
Mohamed. I am about 15 now, and was about nine or ten when taken. 3.2 TESTIMONY OF BOL MANYUAT BOL, A
YOUNG MAN INTERVIEWED IN KHARTOUM 65. At the time of my abduction I
was living in Akwat Ajok village in Southern Gogrial, near Wau. I had just
started school and was in my first year. My father had died as a result of
illness, and my mother had recently been injured (by an anti-personnel mine)
and had part of her leg amputated. As a result, I was out of school with my
two brothers and three sisters. I went to the market in Wau and met some
Arabs there. Four of them asked me to go with them, which I agreed to do.
They were selling sheep. After a while I wanted to leave the Arabs, but they
would not let me, and when I cried they said they would hit me. 3.3 TESTIMONY OF AHOK AKOK, A WOMAN
INTERVIEWED AT KHARTOUM 71. Our family was captured about
six years ago [i.e. about 1994] when we were already fleeing north and had
crossed into the North into Kordofan. I was captured with my son, Akai, and
my two daughters, this one called Abuk [present at the interview], who was
about eight at the time, and a younger one, about two. We were taken by a
tribe called Humr [ie, Misseriya Humr], who split the three of us up. The man
who took me subsequently sold me on to some other nomads to look after
cattle, for about 130 Sudanese Pounds. I had to look after their cows and
spent about six years with them before I managed to escape to Makaringa
village. 3.4 TESTIMONY OF MAYEL DENG MAJOK,
A YOUNG MAN INTERVIEWED IN NYALA 74. I am from Ajuang near Aweil. I
am about 16 years old now. I used to look after cattle for my aunt. One day
about two or three years ago some raiders came, about 30 of them on horses.
They caught me near where I had been sitting with some boys under a tree. Six
of us had our wrists tied and were put in a horse-drawn cart. One of the
other boys was called Makuch. Later on the same day three women were captured
as well. We all had to go with the horsemen, sometimes riding, sometimes
walking, for about six days, until we got to Sidam village, where the nine of
us were split up. A man called Al-Fadhl took me to his house in Ferdos (a
village near Ad-Dha'ein) by horse. He had five relatives there. During the
wet season I had to dig the ground, and in the dry season look after goats. I
learnt to speak Arabic from the others. I slept in the house with the others,
collected water from a deep well, which I carried on a donkey back to the
household, but generally had to eat by myself. U.N.
Fails to Censure Sudan's Slavery The United Nations' top human
rights body adopted a resolution Friday citing Sudan for violations of human
rights, but the United States criticized the text for its failure to censure
Sudan for slavery and attacks on religious freedom. Anti-Slavery Sudan
mission returns There have been reports from Sudan
that as many as 14,000 people originating in southern Sudan need to be
reunited with their families. Many of these people were abducted from their
homes and some are still being forced to work for others. Slavery in
the Sudan - A briefing by John Eibner In Sudan today, more than 100,000
women and children are victims of chattel slavery. Once captured, they become
the private property of individual masters, and have to endure endless hard
work, poor nutrition, and sexual abuse. Torture is commonplace and severe
beatings the norm when a slave displeases his or her master. SLAVERY IN THE NAME OF JIHAD - One finds slavery and
quasi-slavery practices around the world, yet what makes slavery unique in Sudan
is that there has been was a revival of the practice in the mid-1980s. The
institution was virtually extinct in the 1970s and slave raids were unknown,
except in a few remote places. The revival began in 1983, when then-president
Ja'far Numayri placed himself at the vanguard of the Islamic revolution in
Africa. Buying the freedom of slaves in Sudan www.cnn.com/WORLD/9712/20/sudan.slavery/ A global charity is fighting the
internationally condemned slave trade in Sudan in its own way -- by buying
the freedom of slaves and reuniting them, mostly boys and girls, with their
families. The U.N.
Finds Slavery in the Sudan INTRODUCTION BY DAVID LITTMAN - A military regime espousing a fundamentalist
Islamic orientation came to power in the Sudan on June 30, 1989. Since 1992,
the U.N. General Assembly and its Geneva-based Commission on Human Rights
have regularly adopted resolutions condemning the Sudanese government for its
many human-rights violations. Of particular concern are the accusations
against the Sudanese authorities not just of extrajudicial killings and
torture but also of slavery and forced conversions to Islam. Dr.
Ushari Mahmoud's "Al Daein Massacre-Slavery Sudan" DESCRIPTION OF INCIDENT - Dr. Ushari was detained shortly
after the coup (June 30, 1989). In a letter to President Jimmy Carter,
written from Shalla Prison in Daufur dated April 5, 1990, he wrote: 'I have
been recently transferred to this prison after nine months of detention at
Kobar prison in Khartoum. While I was detained at Kobar, specifically on
March 18, I was visited by ex-Minister of Finance, Dr. Sayed Ali Zaki. He
came to me with a specific message from the military authorities. The gist of
the message was that I would be released if i retract in writing and deny the
truth of what I had written about slavery in "Al Daein Massacre-Slavery
in the Sudan." Otherwise, I would continue to be detained
"indefinitely". All material used herein
reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107 for noncommercial,
nonprofit, and educational use |
|
Human Trafficking in [Sudan Street Children in [Sudan] [other countries]Child Prostitution in [Sudan] [other countries]