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CAUTION: The following links
and accompanying text have been culled from the web to illuminate the situation
in South Africa in the early years of the 21st Century. Some of these
links may lead to websites that present allegations that are unsubstantiated,
misleading or even false. No attempt has been made to validate
their authenticity or to verify their content. HOW TO USE THIS WEBPAGE Students If you are looking
for material to use in a term-paper, you are advised to scan the postings on
this page and others to see which aspects of poverty are of particular
interest to you. You might be
interested in exploring the relationship between distribution of labor and
per-capita GDP, for example. Perhaps
your paper could focus on life expectancy or infant mortality. Other factors of interest might be
unemployment, literacy, access to basic services, etc. On the other hand, you might choose to
include some of the possible outgrowths of poverty such as Human Trafficking,
Street Children,
or even Prostitution. There is a lot to the subject of
Poverty. Scan other countries as well
as this one. Draw comparisons between
activity in adjacent countries and/or regions. Meanwhile, check out some of the Term-Paper resources
that are available on-line. Teachers Check out some of
the Resources
for Teachers attached to this website. *** Extreme Weather *** Climate change has
already impacted South Africa. For instance, extreme rainfall in early 2022
caused massive floods in eastern South Africa. Rapid attribution
analysis by climate scientists indicates that climate change made such
extreme rainfall heavier and more likely to occur.–
adapted from Microsoft
BING Copilot *** ARCHIVES *** The World Factbook – South Africa U.S. Central Intelligence Agency CIA www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/sf.html [accessed 17
November 2020] World Factbook
website has moved to ---> www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/south-africa/ [accessed 10 January 2021] ECONOMIC OVERVIEW - middle-income
emerging market with abundant supply of natural resources; well-developed
financial, legal, communications, energy, and transport sectors; unemployment,
poverty, and inequality remain a challenge GDP -
per capita (PPP): $13,600 (2017
est.) Labor
force - by occupation: agriculture:
4.6% industry:
23.5% services: 71.9% (2014 est.) Unemployment
rate: 27.5% (2017
est.) Population
below poverty line: 16.6% (2016
est.) Maternal
mortality rate: 119 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) Infant
mortality rate: total: 27.8 deaths/1,000 live births Life
expectancy at birth: total population: 64.8 years Drinking
water source: improved: total: 95.5% of
population Physicians
density: 0.91 physicians/1,000 population (2017) Sanitation
facility access: improved: total: 90.6% of
population Electricity
access: electrification - total population: 84.2% (2016) The
Borgen Project – South Africa borgenproject.org/category/south-africa/ [accessed 17 February 2021] The Borgen Project works with U.S. leaders to utilize the United
States’ platform behind efforts toward improving living conditions for the
world’s poor. It is an innovative,
national campaign that is working to make poverty a focus of U.S. foreign
policy. It believes that leaders of
the most powerful nation on earth should be doing more to address global
poverty. From ending segregation to providing women with the right to vote,
nearly every wrong ever righted in history was achieved through advocacy. The
Borgen Project addresses the big picture, operating
at the political level advancing policies and programs that improve living
conditions for those living on less than $1 per day. ~
Cash For Cows: Livestock Wealth In South Africa borgenproject.org/livestock-wealth/ ~
Rainwater Harvesting Revolutionized By An App borgenproject.org/rainwater-harvesting-revolutionized-by-an-app/ ~
The Influence Of Poverty On Mental Health In South Africa borgenproject.org/poverty-and-mental-health-in-south-africa/ ~
Links Between South African Poverty And Education borgenproject.org/south-african-poverty-and-education/ ~
Hunger Initiatives In South Africa borgenproject.org/south-african-hunger-initiatives/ ~
Street Vendors Offer Support For Impoverished Communities borgenproject.org/support-for-impoverished-communities/ CG
2020: Food and nutrition security May J, Witten C & Lake L (eds) (2020) South African Child Gauge 2020. Cape Town: Children’s Institute, University of Cape Town www.ci.uct.ac.za/cg-2020-food-and-nutrition-security PDF [Long
URL] [accessed 20 February 2021] This
15th annual review of the situation of the country’s children is published by
the Children’s Institute (CI), University of Cape Town, in partnership with
UNICEF South Africa; the DSI-NRF Centre for Excellence in Human Development,
University of the Witwatersrand; the Standard Bank Tutuwa
Community Foundation; and the DG Murray Trust. The
theme of the 2020 issue – “Food and nutrition security” – draws attention to
the slow violence of child malnutrition and identifies critical points for
intervention across the life course, motivating for urgent, early and
sustained investment in order to reduce the burden of stunting, obesity and
non-communicable diseases; improve children’s health, education and
employment prospects; and drive national development. ~
The slow violence of malnutrition [Long URL] ~
Child-centred food systems: Ensuring healthy
diets for children [Long URL] ~
Corporate fast-food advertising targeting children [Long URL] ~
Food and nutrition security of the unborn child: The role of maternal
nutrition [Long URL] ~
--- security of infants and young children: Breastfeeding and
complementary feeding [Long URL] ~
--- security for the preschool child: Enhancing early childhood
development [Long URL] ~
Food and nutrition security in schools: Threats and opportunities for
intervention [Long URL] ~
Transforming social protection to strengthen child nutrition security [Long URL] ~
Double burden and double duty: Government action required to improve child
nutrition [Long
URL] Child hunger:
Keeping the wolf from the door Servaas Van Der Berg
& Leila Patel, Financial Mail, 17 February 2021 [accessed 17
February 2021] But reported child
hunger doesn’t convey the full picture of child nutrition. There is a less regular
measurement of stunting among young children, which compares children’s
height-for-age with an international norm. This phenomenon is far more
persistent — and grants haven’t had the same dampening effect on stunting as
they had on child hunger prior to the pandemic. In SA, the
combination of the pandemic, the lockdown and international recession hit an
already fragile economy, and constrained the government’s options for
responding. The first wave of
the Nids-Cram study in May and June showed that food
insecurity had intensified. This implied
roughly a doubling of child hunger in the first part of the lockdown relative
to the previous year. Simply put, child hunger had returned to levels last
seen at the beginning of the century. Charity begins abroad [source has been
lost] In the township of
Soweto, I saw children orphaned by AIDS, who were naked from the waist down
and shoeless, run through the dirt in the hostels, where residents live in
small, dark one-room homes with no electricity or water. One woman I met
plays mother to eight young orphans. As I traveled along route N2 from
Stellenbosch to Cape Town, I initially -- and naively -- mistook a sprawling
shanty town in Khayelitsha, where about 500,000
residents live in squalor -- with next to nothing except crime and disease --
for a garbage dump full of discarded corrugated metal until I saw clothing on
makeshift clotheslines blowing in the warm wind. The
World Bank in South Africa www.worldbank.org/en/country/southafrica/overview [accessed 21 April 2021] The
World Bank’s strategy in South Africa reflects the country’s development
priorities and its unique leadership position at sub-regional and continental
levels. Looking back a few years … Advameg, Inc., Encyclopedia of the Nations www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Africa/South-Africa-ECONOMY.html [accessed 10 January 2021] Although the white
minority enjoys living standards equal to those in the rest of the
industrialized world, most of the remaining 85% of the population has Third World
living standards. The high prevalence of HIV/AIDS remains the major obstacle
to achieving economic growth, and, with 5.2 million people living with the
disease in 2000 and over 300,000 deaths caused by it. High unemployment,
rigid labor laws, low skill levels, crime, and corruption hamper economic
progress. Emigration has also emerged as one of South Africa's challenges, as
those South Africans who are highly skilled find better markets for their
skills abroad, especially in Australia, New Zealand, the UK, Canada, and the
US. All material used herein
reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107 for noncommercial,
nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE RESPECT COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT
ARTICLES. Cite this webpage as: Prof. Martin Patt, "Poverty –
South Africa", http://gvnet.com/poverty/SouthAfrica.htm, [accessed
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