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CAUTION: The following links
and accompanying text have been culled from the web to illuminate the situation
in Madagascar in the early years of the 21st Century. Some of these
links may lead to websites that present allegations that are unsubstantiated,
misleading or even false. No attempt has been made to validate
their authenticity or to verify their content. HOW TO USE THIS WEBPAGE Students If you are looking
for material to use in a term-paper, you are advised to scan the postings on
this page and others to see which aspects of poverty are of particular
interest to you. You might be interested
in exploring the relationship between distribution of labor and per-capita
GDP, for example. Perhaps your paper
could focus on life expectancy or infant mortality. Other factors of interest might be
unemployment, literacy, access to basic services, etc. On the other hand, you might choose to
include some of the possible outgrowths of poverty such as Human Trafficking,
Street Children,
or even Prostitution. There is a lot to the subject of
Poverty. Scan other countries as well
as this one. Draw comparisons between
activity in adjacent countries and/or regions. Meanwhile, check out some of the Term-Paper resources
that are available on-line. Teachers Check out some of
the Resources
for Teachers attached to this website. *** Extreme Weather *** Food Crisis and
Drought: In southern Madagascar, severe drought and crop failures have led to
a humanitarian crisis. Tens of thousands of people are facing famine due to
40% below average rainfall during two consecutive rainy seasons. Poverty
exacerbates the situation, as farmers rely on seasonal rain rather than
stored water and irrigation. – adapted from Microsoft BING Copilot *** ARCHIVES *** The World Factbook - Madaagascar U.S. Central Intelligence Agency CIA www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ma.html [accessed 3 January
2020] World Factbook
website has moved to ---> www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/madagascar/ [accessed 6 January 2021] Agriculture,
including fishing and forestry, is a mainstay of the economy, accounting for
more than one-fourth of GDP and employing roughly 80% of the population.
Deforestation and erosion, aggravated by bushfires, slash-and-burn clearing
techniques, and the use of firewood as the primary source of fuel, are
serious concerns to the agriculture dependent economy. Exports of apparel
boomed after gaining duty-free access to the US market in 2000 under the
African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA); however, Madagascar's failure to
comply with the requirements of the AGOA led to the termination of the
country's duty-free access in January 2010, a sharp fall in textile
production, a loss of more than 100,000 jobs, and a GDP drop of nearly
11%. Madagascar regained AGOA access
in January 2015 and ensuing growth has been slow and fragile. GDP - per capita (PPP): $1,600 (2017 est.) GDP - composition, by sector of origin: agriculture: 24% (2017 est.) industry: 19.5% (2017 est.) services: 56.4% (2017 est.) Unemployment rate: 1.8% (2017 est.) Population below
poverty line: 70.7% (2017 est.) Maternal mortality
rate: 335 deaths/100,000 live births (2017
est.) Infant mortality
rate: total: 37.8 deaths/1,000 live births Life expectancy at
birth: total population: 67.3 years Drinking water
source: improved: total: 55.5% of population Physicians
density: 0.18 physicians/1,000 population (2014) Sanitation facility
access: improved: total: 26.1% of population Electricity access:
electrification - total population: 22.9%
(2016) The
Borgen Project - Madagascar borgenproject.org/category/madagascar/ [accessed 16 February 2021] The Borgen Project works with U.S. leaders to utilize the
United States’ platform behind efforts toward improving living conditions for
the world’s poor. It is an innovative,
national campaign that is working to make poverty a focus of U.S. foreign
policy. It believes that leaders of
the most powerful nation on earth should be doing more to address global
poverty. From ending segregation to providing women with the right to vote,
nearly every wrong ever righted in history was achieved through advocacy. The
Borgen Project addresses the big picture, operating
at the political level advancing policies and programs that improve living
conditions for those living on less than $1 per day. ~
Madagascar’s Poverty Is Further Impacted borgenproject.org/madagascars-poverty/ ~
Doctors For Madagascar: Improving Medical Care borgenproject.org/doctors-for-madagascar/ ~
The Fight Against Child Poverty In Madagascar borgenproject.org/child-poverty-in-madagascar/ ~
Updates On Hunger In Madagascar borgenproject.org/updates-on-hunger-in-madagascar/ ~
Alleviating Poverty With Solar Energy In Rural Madagascar borgenproject.org/solar-energy-in-rural-madagascar/ ~
Mobile Library Mobilizing Madagascar Out Of Poverty borgenproject.org/mobile-library/ Action
Against Hunger - Madagascar www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/africa/madagascar [accessed 21 March 2021] Though
Madagascar’s economy benefits from ecotourism, ecological research, and a
growing agricultural sector, the unequal distribution of wealth has left
nearly 80 percent of the country’s population living below the poverty line.
This widespread poverty, combined with weak government agencies and a tenuous
political situation, has led to an alarming humanitarian situation. The last
political crisis in 2009 to 2013 has had very negative impacts on the economy
and health systems. More than half of all children in Madagascar suffer from
chronic malnutrition, and over half of the country’s population struggles
with food insecurity. The
World Bank in Madagascar www.worldbank.org/en/country/madagascar/overview [accessed 21 April 2021] The
World Bank is helping the Madagascar government to fight poverty and improve
the living standards. Looking back a few years … Advameg, Inc., Encyclopedia of the Nations www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Africa/Madagascar-ECONOMY.html [accessed 3 January 2020] Madagascar
is a poor country, with over 70% of the population falling below the poverty
level of $50 a year. Its agriculture-based economy supports a majority of the
labor force. There are substantial mineral deposits; and industry, which
accounted for 11% of GDP in 1999, is centered on food processing. Madagascar
sponsored an Export Processing Zone in 1991 and important investments have
been made in tourism. Government efforts to strengthen the market economy
have been erratic while corruption and political instability continue to
constrain growth. The IMF
and World Bank in 2000 released tranches of the Poverty Reduction and Growth
Facility, and Structural Adjustment Credit, respectively, to assist the
country in reducing poverty and implementing market reforms conducive to
private sector development. All
material used herein reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107
for noncommercial, nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE RESPECT
COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT ARTICLES. Cite this webpage as: Prof. Martin
Patt, "Poverty - Madagascar",
http://gvnet.com/poverty/Madagascar.htm, [accessed <date>] |
