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Poverty & Hunger

Kingdom of

Tonga

In the early years of the 21st Century

Description: Description: Tonga

CAUTION:  The following links and accompanying text have been culled from the web to illuminate the situation in Tonga in the early years of the 21st Century.  Some of these links may lead to websites that present allegations that are unsubstantiated, misleading or even false.   No attempt has been made to validate their authenticity or to verify their content.

HOW TO USE THIS WEBPAGE

Students

If you are looking for material to use in a term-paper, you are advised to scan the postings on this page and others to see which aspects of poverty are of particular interest to you.  You might be interested in exploring the relationship between distribution of labor and per-capita GDP, for example.  Perhaps your paper could focus on life expectancy or infant mortality.  Other factors of interest might be unemployment, literacy, access to basic services, etc.  On the other hand, you might choose to include some of the possible outgrowths of poverty such as Human Trafficking, Street Children, or even Prostitution.  There is a lot to the subject of Poverty.  Scan other countries as well as this one.  Draw comparisons between activity in adjacent countries and/or regions.  Meanwhile, check out some of the Term-Paper resources that are available on-line.

Teachers

Check out some of the Resources for Teachers attached to this website.

*** Extreme Weather ***

Below average rainfall is anticipated throughout the tropical cyclone season due to El Niño, with higher than normal sea levels expected.  adapted from Microsoft BING Copilot

*** ARCHIVES ***

The World Factbook - Tonga

U.S. Central Intelligence Agency CIA

www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/tn.html

[accessed 17 November 2020]

World Factbook website has moved to ---> www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tonga/

[accessed 11 January 2021]

ECONOMIC OVERVIEW - a small, open island economy having a narrow export base in agricultural goods; remains dependent on external aid and remittances from overseas Tongans to offset its trade deficit

GDP - per capita (PPP): $5,900 (2017 est.)

Labor force - by occupation:

agriculture: 2% (2006 est.)

industry: 27.5% (2006 est.)

services: 2% (2006 est.)

Unemployment rate: 1.1% (2011 est.)

Population below poverty line: 22.5% (2010 est.)

Maternal mortality rate: 52 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)

Infant mortality rate: total: 10.3 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth: total population: 77 years

Drinking water source: improved: total: 100% of population

Physicians density: 0.54 physicians/1,000 population (2013)

Sanitation facility access: improved: total: 94.5% of population

Electricity access: electrification - total population: 97% (2016)

The Borgen Project - Tonga

borgenproject.org/category/tonga/

[accessed 16 March 2021]

The Borgen Project works with U.S. leaders to utilize the United States’ platform behind efforts toward improving living conditions for the world’s poor.  It is an innovative, national campaign that is working to make poverty a focus of U.S. foreign policy.  It believes that leaders of the most powerful nation on earth should be doing more to address global poverty. From ending segregation to providing women with the right to vote, nearly every wrong ever righted in history was achieved through advocacy. The Borgen Project addresses the big picture, operating at the political level advancing policies and programs that improve living conditions for those living on less than $1 per day.

~ Child Poverty In Tonga

borgenproject.org/how-bad-is-child-poverty-in-tonga/

~ 10 Facts About Life Expectancy In Tonga

borgenproject.org/life-expectancy-in-tonga/

~ Top 10 Facts About Living Conditions In Tonga

borgenproject.org/top-10-facts-about-living-conditions-in-tonga/

~ 8 Facts About Education In Tonga

borgenproject.org/8-facts-about-education-in-tonga/

~ Top Five Reasons For School Dropouts In Tonga

borgenproject.org/top-five-reasons-for-school-dropouts-in-tonga/

~ Girls’ Education In Tonga

borgenproject.org/girls-education-in-tonga/

~ INFRASTRUCTURE IN TONGA FOCUSED ON URBAN DEVELOPMENT

borgenproject.org/infrastructure-in-tonga/

Looking back a few years …

Advameg, Inc., Encyclopedia of the Nations

www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Asia-and-Oceania/Tonga-ECONOMY.html

[accessed 12 January 2021]

The economy is largely agricultural and still contains a substantial non-monetary sector. The principal cash crops are squash, fish, copra and coconut products, vanilla bean extract and bananas. One third to one half of export earnings come from the sale of squash to Japan, though the main source of foreign exchange is tourism.

As of 2002, it is estimated that there are more expatriates (over 102,000) than current citizens.

All material used herein reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107 for noncommercial, nonprofit, and educational use.  PLEASE RESPECT COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT ARTICLES.  Cite this webpage as: Prof. Martin Patt, "Poverty - Tonga", http://gvnet.com/poverty/Tonga.htm, [accessed <date>]