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Poverty & Hunger

Republic of

Senegal

In the early years of the 21st Century

Description: Description: Senegal

CAUTION:  The following links and accompanying text have been culled from the web to illuminate the situation in Senegal in the early years of the 21st Century.  Some of these links may lead to websites that present allegations that are unsubstantiated, misleading or even false.   No attempt has been made to validate their authenticity or to verify their content.

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Students

If you are looking for material to use in a term-paper, you are advised to scan the postings on this page and others to see which aspects of poverty are of particular interest to you.  You might be interested in exploring the relationship between distribution of labor and per-capita GDP, for example.  Perhaps your paper could focus on life expectancy or infant mortality.  Other factors of interest might be unemployment, literacy, access to basic services, etc.  On the other hand, you might choose to include some of the possible outgrowths of poverty such as Human Trafficking, Street Children, or even Prostitution.  There is a lot to the subject of Poverty.  Scan other countries as well as this one.  Draw comparisons between activity in adjacent countries and/or regions.  Meanwhile, check out some of the Term-Paper resources that are available on-line.

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*** Extreme Weather ***

Earlier this month, West Africa experienced a lethal heatwave that overwhelmed hospitals and mortuaries in parts of the region. The extreme temperatures, exceeding 110°F (43.3°C), likely resulted in the deaths of hundreds or even thousands of people across multiple countries.

Families in Senegal often lack electricity and air conditioning to cope with intense nighttime heat, which can remain around 35°C (95°F) throughout the night.

In summary, Senegal faces the dual challenges of extreme heatwaves and the impact of climate change.adapted from Microsoft BING Copilot

*** ARCHIVES ***

The World Factbook - Senegal

U.S. Central Intelligence Agency CIA

www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/sg.html

[accessed 17 November 2020]

World Factbook website has moved to ---> www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/senegal/

[accessed 9 January 2021]

ECONOMIC OVERVIEW - driven by mining, construction, tourism, fisheries and agriculture, which are primary sources of employment in rural areas; key export industries include phosphate mining, fertilizer production, agricultural products and commercial fishing; reached a growth rate of 7% in 2017

GDP - per capita (PPP): $3,500 (2017 est.)

Labor force - by occupation:

agriculture: 77.5%

industry: 22.5%

industry and services: 22.5% (2007 est.)

Unemployment rate: 48% (2007 est.)

Population below poverty line: 46.7% (2011 est.)

Maternal mortality rate: 21.9 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)

Infant mortality rate: total: 45.7 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth: total population: 63.2 years

Drinking water source: improved: total: 83.3% of population

Physicians density: 0.07 physicians/1,000 population (2017)

Sanitation facility access: improved: total: 68.4% of population

Electricity access: electrification - total population: 65% (2016)

The Borgen Project - Senegal

borgenproject.org/category/senegal/

[accessed 3 March 2021]

The Borgen Project works with U.S. leaders to utilize the United States’ platform behind efforts toward improving living conditions for the world’s poor.  It is an innovative, national campaign that is working to make poverty a focus of U.S. foreign policy.  It believes that leaders of the most powerful nation on earth should be doing more to address global poverty. From ending segregation to providing women with the right to vote, nearly every wrong ever righted in history was achieved through advocacy. The Borgen Project addresses the big picture, operating at the political level advancing policies and programs that improve living conditions for those living on less than $1 per day.

~ Germany And The EU’s Aid To Senegal

borgenproject.org/aid-to-senegal/

~ Strawberries Support Poverty Eradication In Senegal

borgenproject.org/poverty-eradication-in-senegal/

~ The Rights Of Senegalese Children

borgenproject.org/the-rights-of-senegalese-children/

~ Samu Social Senegal Is Helping Children Off The Streets

borgenproject.org/helping-children-off-the-streets/

~ Senegalese Female Farmers Fight Environmental Difficulties

borgenproject.org/senegalese-female-farmers/

~ Energy For All: Empowering Women In Senegal

borgenproject.org/empowering-women-in-senegal/

~ 6 Facts About Hunger In Senegal

borgenproject.org/6-facts-about-hunger-in-senegal/

~ How Young Women In Senegal Are Gaining Reproductive Healthcare

borgenproject.org/how-young-women-in-senegal-are-gaining-reproductive-maternal-healthcare/

Conflict, climate change, and COVID-19 drive extreme hunger

Oxfam, 9 July 2021

www.oxfamamerica.org/explore/stories/conflict-climate-change-and-covid-19-drive-extreme-hunger/

[accessed 19 July 2021]

The effects of conflict, COVID-19, and climate change have intensified the global hunger crisis.

WEST AFRICAN SAHEL - DRIVERS OF HUNGER: CONFLICT -- The region encompassing Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, and Senegal has seen a 67 percent increase in hunger since last year. Continued violence has forced 5.3 million people to flee their homes. Insecurity has cut off farmers from their agriculture. Last year, along with the economic impact of COVID-19, the climate crisis disrupted the agricultural season, limiting stocks and people’s livelihoods.

Action Against Hunger - Senegal

www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/africa/senegal

[accessed 21 March 2021]

Although Senegal has one of the most stable economies in West Africa, it also has high rates of poverty and unemployment—around half of the population lives below the poverty line. Senegal struggles with high rates of maternal and infant mortality, malaria, and other diseases, but the national health system is not equipped to provide services for those in need, especially in rural areas. These underserved populations are at greater risk for malnutrition and related illnesses.

The World Bank in Senegal

www.worldbank.org/en/country/senegal/overview

[accessed 21 April 2021]

The World Bank’s assistance to Senegal focuses on three points: accelerated growth and wealth creation; human development and shared growth; and rural and urban synergies.

Looking back a few years …

Advameg, Inc., Encyclopedia of the Nations

www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Africa/Senegal-ECONOMY.html

[accessed 9 January 2021]

Senegal's economy is based on its agricultural sector, primarily peanut production, a modest industrial sector, and a growing services sector. Agriculture, which employs up to 70% of the population and accounts for two-thirds of export revenues; is highly vulnerable to declining rainfall, desertification, and changes in world commodity prices.

As of 2003, 82% of GDP represented private activity, and significant parastatal companies had been privatized, including water, telecommunications, mining, and aviation. However, the government still remained the country's largest single employer. The information technology sector was experiencing a boom, as Senegal became fully connected to the Internet in 1996 and Senegalese have become experienced users of that service. Tourism is increasingly a source of foreign exchange, although the fishing sector remained Senegal's chief earner of foreign exchange in 2003.

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