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Poverty & Hunger

Republic of

Rwanda

In the early years of the 21st Century

Description: Description: Description: Description: Rwanda

CAUTION:  The following links and accompanying text have been culled from the web to illuminate the situation in Rwanda in the early years of the 21st Century.  Some of these links may lead to websites that present allegations that are unsubstantiated, misleading or even false.   No attempt has been made to validate their authenticity or to verify their content.

HOW TO USE THIS WEBPAGE

Students

If you are looking for material to use in a term-paper, you are advised to scan the postings on this page and others to see which aspects of poverty are of particular interest to you.  You might be interested in exploring the relationship between distribution of labor and per-capita GDP, for example.  Perhaps your paper could focus on life expectancy or infant mortality.  Other factors of interest might be unemployment, literacy, access to basic services, etc.  On the other hand, you might choose to include some of the possible outgrowths of poverty such as Human Trafficking, Street Children, or even Prostitution.  There is a lot to the subject of Poverty.  Scan other countries as well as this one.  Draw comparisons between activity in adjacent countries and/or regions.  Meanwhile, check out some of the Term-Paper resources that are available on-line.

Teachers

Check out some of the Resources for Teachers attached to this website.

*** Extreme Weather ***

In Rwanda, extreme weather events have become increasingly frequent, impacting the nation’s population and environment. Rwanda is one of the most climate-impacted nations on Earth. Its inherent vulnerability stems from factors such as deforestation, poor farming practices, and environmental degradation. The region has witnessed a 134% increase in climate-fueled, flood-related disasters globally between 2000 and 2023.adapted from Microsoft BING Copilot

*** ARCHIVES ***

The World Factbook - Rwanda

U.S. Central Intelligence Agency CIA

www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/rw.html

[accessed 17 November 2020]

World Factbook website has moved to ---> www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/rwanda/

[accessed 8January 2021]

ECONOMIC OVERVIEW - agriculture, minerals, and agro-processing account for about 63% of export earnings; tourism, minerals, coffee, and tea are main  sources of foreign exchange; food production often does not keeppace with demand, requiring food imports

GDP - per capita (PPP): $2,100 (2017 est.)

Labor force - by occupation:

agriculture: 75.3%

industry: 6.7%

services: 18% (2012 est.)

Unemployment rate: 2.7% (2014 est.)

Population below poverty line: 39.1% (2015 est.)

Maternal mortality rate: 248 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)

Infant mortality rate: total: 28 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth: total population: 65.1 years

Drinking water source: improved: total: 79.5% of population

Physicians density: 0.14 physicians/1,000 population (2017)

Sanitation facility access: improved: total: 80.9% of population

Electricity access: electrification - total population: 43% (2017)

The Borgen Project - Rwanda

borgenproject.org/category/rwanda/

[accessed 2 March 2021]

The Borgen Project works with U.S. leaders to utilize the United States’ platform behind efforts toward improving living conditions for the world’s poor.  It is an innovative, national campaign that is working to make poverty a focus of U.S. foreign policy.  It believes that leaders of the most powerful nation on earth should be doing more to address global poverty. From ending segregation to providing women with the right to vote, nearly every wrong ever righted in history was achieved through advocacy. The Borgen Project addresses the big picture, operating at the political level advancing policies and programs that improve living conditions for those living on less than $1 per day.

~ Agdevco: Impact Investing In Rwanda

borgenproject.org/impact-investing-in-rwanda/

~ Sugira Muryango Program In Rwanda

borgenproject.org/sugira-muryango-program/

~ Unemployment And Human Trafficking In Rwanda

borgenproject.org/human-trafficking-in-rwanda/

~ Engineers Without Borders: Building To Save Lives

borgenproject.org/engineers-without-borders-building-to-save-lives/

~ Overpopulation In Rwanda

borgenproject.org/overpopulation-in-rwanda/

~ Innovations In Poverty Eradication In Rwanda

borgenproject.org/innovations-in-poverty-eradication-in-rwanda/

~ Poverty Eradication In Rwanda: Four Crucial Programs

borgenproject.org/poverty-eradication-in-rwanda/

~ The Status Of Women’s Rights In Rwanda

borgenproject.org/womens-rights-in-rwanda/

In Rwanda, an Investment Market at Home

David Lawrence, IFC Insights, International Finance Corporation IFC, World Bank Group, 31 May 2021

[Long URL]

[accessed 31  May 2021]

The World Bank Group’s Rwanda Country Private Sector Diagnostic (CPSD), published earlier this year, identified affordable housing as a sector with significant potential for economic growth, job creation, and development impact in the next three to five years. Attracting private sector participation will require a multi-faceted approach that is a top priority for the reform-minded government. Analysts believe that private sector firms such as construction companies, developers, building materials producers, and firms offering professional services (for example, architects) could take advantage of new opportunities in the affordable housing sector.

Rural African women trained by Dubai firm secure jobs

Saman Haziq in Dubai, Khaleej Times, 2 April 2021

www.khaleejtimes.com/news/rural-african-women-trained-by-dubai-firm-secure-jobs

[accessed 6 April 2021]

Twenty-five women from rural areas of Rwanda have been mentored by a Dubai-based social enterprise to secure opportunities in hospitality sector. Teaming up with hospitality group Accor, Evolvin’ Women is not only equipping women with skills and knowledge but also ensuring they support their families back home.

Currently, these women have secured placements across 21 hotel properties in the UAE, said Assia Riccio, founder of Evolvin’ Women. “The overarching goal of this hospitality-led female advancement initiative is to generate jobs and income, reduce hunger and poverty and improve the sustainability of livelihoods across Africa’s most disadvantaged communities where unemployment rates amongst women are particularly high,” she said.

Heifer International and Rwandan Ministry of Agriculture Announce $10 Million USD Investment in Livestock Farmers

Heifer Project International, Kigali, 26 March 2021

[Long URL]

[accessed 26 March 2021]

To improve incomes and food and nutrition security in Rwanda's most impacted regions, international development organization, Heifer International, and the Rwanda Ministry of Agriculture announced a partnership to invest more than $10 million USD in livestock and training for 23,400 smallholder farming households. In Rwanda, one fifth of the population is food insecure, and the average income per household is approximately $3.11 per day in the 15 districts in Rwanda's Northern, Southern, Western provinces where PRISM will be implemented.

Through the partnership, Heifer International aims to support farmers to reach a living income – the amount of money needed to live a dignified life – of $6.08 per household per day. PRISM will focus on prioritizing three groups: women heads of households, malnourished children and young adolescent girls, in order to sustainably improve the livelihoods of the most vulnerable populations.

The World Bank in Rwamda

www.worldbank.org/en/country/rwanda/overview

[accessed 21 April 2021]

Rwanda has achieved impressive development gains since the 1994 genocide and civil war. The World Bank supports the energy, agriculture and transport sectors.

Looking back a few years …

Advameg, Inc., Encyclopedia of the Nations

www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Africa/Rwanda-ECONOMY.html

[accessed 8 January 2021]

Rwanda has an agricultural economy with relatively few mineral resources. Coffee and tea are exports.

The manufacturing base is limited to a few basic products. Soil erosion has limited growth in the agricultural sector. Poor markets, lack of natural resources, underdeveloped entrepreneurial and managerial skills, and difficult transportation problems all inhibit economic growth, along with the ethnic massacres of 1994 and the subsequent displacement of population.

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