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CAUTION: The following links and
accompanying text have been culled from the web to illuminate the situation
in Eritrea in the early years of the 21st Century. Some of these links
may lead to websites that present allegations that are unsubstantiated,
misleading or even false. No attempt has been made to validate
their authenticity or to verify their content. HOW TO USE THIS WEBPAGE Students If you are looking
for material to use in a term-paper, you are advised to scan the postings on
this page and others to see which aspects of poverty are of particular
interest to you. You might be
interested in exploring the relationship between distribution of labor and
per-capita GDP, for example. Perhaps
your paper could focus on life expectancy or infant mortality. Other factors of interest might be
unemployment, literacy, access to basic services, etc. On the other hand, you might choose to
include some of the possible outgrowths of poverty such as Human Trafficking,
Street Children,
or even Prostitution. There is a lot to the subject of
Poverty. Scan other countries as well
as this one. Draw comparisons between
activity in adjacent countries and/or regions. Meanwhile, check out some of the Term-Paper resources
that are available on-line. Teachers Check out some of
the Resources
for Teachers attached to this website. *** Extreme Weather *** Eritrea,
a coastal nation located by the Red Sea in the Horn of Africa, is extremely
vulnerable to climate events, ranking 178 out of 182 countries in the Notre
Dame Global Adaptation Index, which evaluates a country’s vulnerability and
capacity to address climate change. The country has a moderate ranking on the
Global Climate Risk Index 2021 which only assesses the impact of extreme
weather events. Eritrea is frequently subjected to occurrences of both natural
and human-induced climate disasters, particularly droughts and floods. Over
the past 15 years, the country experienced five major droughts. In 2008,
floods affected over 1.7 million people in the coastal nation. Between 2015
and 2016, the climatic conditions in Eritrea worsened due to an El
Nino-induced drought, which severely threatened the lives and livelihoods of
smallholder farmers residing in the Anseba region
in northern Eritrea. Between 2008 and 2021, Eritrea experienced five
significant droughts which affected more than 3.3 million people. As of
Spring 2023, the Horn of Africa is experiencing one of the most severe
climate-induced emergencies of the past forty years, as the region grapples
with the devastating effects of a prolonged drought following years of below
average rainfall. – Microsoft
BING Copilot *** ARCHIVES *** The
World Factbook - Eritrea U.S. Central Intelligence Agency CIA www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/er.html [accessed 28 December
2020] World Factbook
website has moved to ---> www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/eritrea/ [accessed 5 January 2021] While
reliable statistics on Eritrea are difficult to obtain, erratic rainfall and
the large percentage of the labor force tied up in military service continue
to interfere with agricultural production and economic development. Eritrea's
harvests generally cannot meet the food needs of the country without
supplemental grain purchases. GDP -
per capita: $1,600 (2017
est.) Labor
force - by occupation: agriculture:
80% industry:
20% services:
-- Unemployment
rate: 5.8% (2017
est.) Population
below poverty line: 50% (2004
est.) Maternal
mortality rate: 480 deaths/100,000
live births (2017
est.) Infant
mortality rate: total: 43.3
deaths/1,000 live births Life
expectancy at birth: total population: 66.2 years Drinking
water source: improved: total: 57.8% of
population Physicians
density: 0.06 physicians/1,000 population (2016) Sanitation
facility access: improved: total: 15.7% of
population Electricity
access: electrification - total population: 46.7% (2016) The
Borgen Project - Eritrea borgenproject.org/category/eritrea/ [accessed 28 January
2021] The Borgen Project works with U.S. leaders to utilize the
United States’ platform behind efforts toward improving living conditions for
the world’s poor. It is an innovative,
national campaign that is working to make poverty a focus of U.S. foreign
policy. It believes that leaders of
the most powerful nation on earth should be doing more to address global
poverty. From ending segregation to providing women with the right to vote,
nearly every wrong ever righted in history was achieved through advocacy. The
Borgen Project addresses the big picture, operating
at the political level advancing policies and programs that improve living
conditions for those living on less than $1 per day. ~
Child Poverty In Eritrea Is Driven By Militarism borgenproject.org/child-poverty-in-eritrea-is-driven-by-militarism/ ~
5 Things Everyone Should Know About Healthcare In Eritrea borgenproject.org/healthcare-in-eritrea/ ~
How Does Eritrea’s Lack Of Clean Water Affect Its Poverty Issue? borgenproject.org/eritreas-lack-of-clean-water/ ~
Eritrean Women Fight Gendered Poverty borgenproject.org/eritrean-women-fight-gendered-poverty/ ~
9 Facts About Sanitation In Eritrea borgenproject.org/nine-facts-about-sanitation-in-eritrea/ ~
Eritrea’s Efforts Toward Safer Child Labor Laws borgenproject.org/eritreas-efforts-toward-safer-child-labor-laws/ ~
9 Facts About Poverty In Eritrea borgenproject.org/facts-about-poverty-in-eritrea/ The Sahel struggles with terror, poverty and climate change The Arab Weekly, 18 March 2021 thearabweekly.com/sahel-struggles-terror-poverty-and-climate-change [accessed 18 March 2021] Internal
displacement had increased 20-fold in less than two years while the number of
families facing hunger has tripled. The United
Nations warned in November of a heightened risk of famine in Burkina Faso,
along with northeastern Nigeria and South Sudan and also of a high hunger
risk in both Mali and Niger. Problems
have been exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic.
The World Bank in Eritrea www.worldbank.org/en/country/eritrea/overview [accessed 18 April
2021] The
World Bank’s lending program in Eritrea is inactive due to repayment arrears
and the role is limited to technical assistance, analytical work, and
preparation for broader re-engagement. Looking back a few years … Advameg, Inc., Encyclopedia of the Nations www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Africa/Eritrea-ECONOMY.html [accessed 28 December 2020] The
Eritrean economy has yet to stabilize after years of armed struggle against the
Ethiopian government. The population is still largely dependent on food aid.
Agriculture and raising of livestock occupy over 80%
of the population, taking place throughout the country, in both the highlands
and lowlands. Long term prospects for agricultural development appear to be
strongest in the western lowlands. A small industrial sector shows signs of
growth potential, but infrastructure and skilled labor is lacking. All
material used herein reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107 for
noncommercial, nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE RESPECT
COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT ARTICLES. Cite this webpage as: Prof. Martin
Patt, "Poverty - Eritrea", http://gvnet.com/poverty/Eritrea.htm,
[accessed <date>] |
