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CAUTION: The following links and
accompanying text have been culled from the web to illuminate the situation
in Colombia in the early years of the 21st Century. Some of these links
may lead to websites that present allegations that are unsubstantiated,
misleading or even false. No attempt has been made to validate
their authenticity or to verify their content. HOW TO USE THIS WEBPAGE Students If you are looking
for material to use in a term-paper, you are advised to scan the postings on
this page and others to see which aspects of poverty are of particular
interest to you. You might be
interested in exploring the relationship between distribution of labor and
per-capita GDP, for example. Perhaps
your paper could focus on life expectancy or infant mortality. Other factors of interest might be
unemployment, literacy, access to basic services, etc. On the other hand, you might choose to
include some of the possible outgrowths of poverty such as Human Trafficking,
Street Children,
or even Prostitution. There is a lot to the subject of
Poverty. Scan other countries as well
as this one. Draw comparisons between
activity in adjacent countries and/or regions. Meanwhile, check out some of the Term-Paper resources
that are available on-line. Teachers Check out some of
the Resources
for Teachers attached to this website. *** Extreme Weather *** According to CNN, wildfires
were raging across several parts of the country, and the government had
declared a disaster situation. The fires are the result of hot and dry conditions linked
to the El Niño weather phenomenon, which was expected to continue for a few
months before ending during the Northern Hemisphere spring. – Microsoft BING Copilot World
Bank Climate & Develoment Reports Colombia Country Climate and Development Report, World Bank Group, 21 July 2023 openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/40056 [accessed 11 Dec 2024] As
Colombia navigates a complex path toward a richer and more equitable future,
the country faces three critical climate transitions. First, it will need to
transit from a climate‑vulnerable
to a more climate‑resilient
economy. Second, guided by its Long‑Term Climate Strategy (LTS) and strong legal framework, which
place it among the climate‑goal
leaders of the Latin America region, the country will need to navigate a
transition to a net zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions economy in the
context of its stated goal for 2050. Third, in a world that will demand
increasingly less of Colombia's primary exports—oil and coal—and more green
products, it will need to engineer a transition in its economic model. This
Country Climate and Development Report (CCDR) explores
the opportunities for, and challenges to, achieving Colombia’s development
goals and its ambitious climate commitments, as well as the complementarities
between the two. It explores how climate change and climate action would
affect the country’s growth and development and, in turn, how growth and
development challenges would affect the achievement of its climate ambitions.
The CCDR also investigates complementarities—specifically, how climate action
could help Colombia achieve its development objectives, capture
opportunities, support a just and inclusive transition, and protect its
economy against longer‑term
risks from climate change and from the world’s transition toward net zero GHG
emissions. *** ARCHIVES *** The
World Factbook - Colombia U.S. Central Intelligence Agency CIA www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/co.html [accessed 23
November 2020] World Factbook
website has moved to ---> www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/colombia/ [accessed 5 January 2021] Colombia
heavily depends on energy and mining exports, making it vulnerable to
fluctuations in commodity prices. Colombia is Latin America’s fourth largest
oil producer and the world’s fourth largest coal producer, third largest
coffee exporter, and second largest cut flowers exporter. Colombia’s economic
development is hampered by inadequate infrastructure, poverty, narcotrafficking, and an uncertain security situation, in
addition to dependence on primary commodities (goods that have little
value-added from processing or labor inputs). GDP -
per capita (PPP): $14,400 (2017
est.) Labor
force - by occupation: agriculture:
17% industry:
21% services: 62% (2011 est.) Unemployment
rate: 9.3% (2017
est.) Population
below poverty line: 28% (2017
est.) Maternal
mortality rate: 83 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) Infant
mortality rate: total: 12.3 deaths/1,000 live births Life
expectancy at birth: total population: 76.6 years Drinking
water source: improved: total: 97.3% of
population Physicians
density: 2.11 physicians/1,000 population (2017) Sanitation
facility access: improved: total: 94.7% of
population Electricity
access: electrification - total population: 99% (2016) The
Borgen Project - Columbia borgenproject.org/category/colombia/ [accessed 25 January 2021] The Borgen Project works with U.S. leaders to utilize the
United States’ platform behind efforts toward improving living conditions for
the world’s poor. It is an innovative,
national campaign that is working to make poverty a focus of U.S. foreign policy. It believes that leaders of the most
powerful nation on earth should be doing more to address global poverty. From
ending segregation to providing women with the right to vote, nearly every
wrong ever righted in history was achieved through advocacy. The Borgen Project addresses the big picture, operating at
the political level advancing policies and programs that improve living
conditions for those living on less than $1 per day. ~
Colombia’s National Development Plan borgenproject.org/colombias-national-development-plan/ ~
Slum Reform In Colombia: 3 Ways Medellín
Reformed Its Slums borgenproject.org/slum-reform-in-colombia/ ~
Improved Water Resources In La Guajira borgenproject.org/water-resources-in-la-guajira/ ~
Colombia’s Improved Healthcare borgenproject.org/colombias-improved-healthcare/ ~
Renewable Energy In Colombia borgenproject.org/renewable-energy-in-colombia/ ~
Colombian Family Creates Youtube Channel To
Teach Sustainable Farming Practices borgenproject.org/sustainable-farming-practices/ Action
Against Hunger - Colombia www.actionagainsthunger.org/countries/americas/colombia [accessed 21 March 2021] Official
data indicates the presence of more than one million Venezuelans to date,
although, according to some estimates, the actual figure could be double that
amount. Half of the migrants are in bordering departments (La Guajira, Cesar,
North Santander, Arauca, Vichada and Guainía), which are characterized by
extreme poverty rates well above the national level and a highly deficient
access to basic services. Another
fraction of the migrants arriving in Colombia are based in cities such as
Bogotá, living on the streets or in informal settlements with little access
to services. Migrants who pass through Colombian territory in order to reach
other countries face the risk of being victims of armed groups operating in
the south of the country (trafficking, forced recruitment). The migration
crisis has exacerbated the humanitarian impacts of the armed conflict and
violence, which continues to escalate in the country. The
World Bank in Colombia www.worldbank.org/en/country/colombia/overview [accessed 18 April 2021] The
World Bank Group engagement with Colombia is structured around a model that
provides development solutions adapted to the country, with an integral
package of financial, knowledge and convening services. Looking
back a few years … Advameg, Inc., Encyclopedia of the Nations www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Americas/Colombia-ECONOMY.html [accessed 23 November 2020] During the
1970s, Colombia's economy struggled with an inflationary spiral that rose
from a rate of 15.4% in 1972 to 25% during the following decade. Inflation
remained close to 20% annually through the 1980s and much of the 1990s. After
1983, however, the economy improved significantly, and growth rates rose
above the world and hemispheric averages—an average of 4% between 1988 and
1998. In 1990, President Cesar Gaviria instituted an economic restructuring
plan known as apertura (opening). The program
emphasized trade expansion through tariff reduction, free trade agreements
and privatization of state-owned enterprises, including banks, power plants,
airports, seaports, roads and telecommunications networks. After the initial
burst, the pace of privatization was slowed. All
material used herein reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107
for noncommercial, nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE RESPECT
COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT ARTICLES. Cite this webpage as: Prof. Martin
Patt, "Poverty - Colombia", http://gvnet.com/poverty/Colombia.htm,
[accessed <date>] |
