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CAUTION: The following links and
accompanying text have been culled from the web to illuminate the situation
in Canada in the early years of the 21st Century. Some of these links
may lead to websites that present allegations that are unsubstantiated,
misleading or even false. No attempt has been made to validate
their authenticity or to verify their content. HOW TO USE THIS WEBPAGE Students If you are looking
for material to use in a term-paper, you are advised to scan the postings on
this page and others to see which aspects of poverty are of particular
interest to you. You might be
interested in exploring the relationship between distribution of labor and
per-capita GDP, for example. Perhaps
your paper could focus on life expectancy or infant mortality. Other factors of interest might be
unemployment, literacy, access to basic services, etc. On the other hand, you might choose to
include some of the possible outgrowths of poverty such as Human Trafficking,
Street Children,
or even Prostitution. There is a lot to the subject of
Poverty. Scan other countries as well
as this one. Draw comparisons between
activity in adjacent countries and/or regions. Meanwhile, check out some of the Term-Paper resources
that are available on-line. Teachers Check out some of
the Resources
for Teachers attached to this website. *** Extreme Weather 2024 *** CBC
News suggests that Canada could face more record-breaking heat this year,
leading to an increased risk of wildfires. Another news article by The
Guardian warns of a “bitter” blast of cold Arctic air that is set to bring
dangerously frigid temperatures to swaths of North America, including Canada.
Finally, a news article by Macleans.ca reports that Canada is preparing for
the three costliest disasters facing the country: wildfires, floods, and
earthquakes – Microsoft BING Copilot *** ARCHIVES *** The
World Factbook - Canada U.S. Central Intelligence Agency CIA www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ca.html [accessed 11
November 2020] World Factbook
website has moved to ---> www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/canada/ [accessed 5 January 2021] Given
its abundant natural resources, highly skilled labor force, and modern
capital stock, Canada enjoyed solid economic growth from 1993 through 2007.
The global economic crisis of 2007-08 moved the Canadian economy into sharp
recession by late 2008, and Ottawa posted its first fiscal deficit in 2009
after 12 years of surplus. Canada's major banks emerged from the financial
crisis of 2008-09 among the strongest in the world, owing to the financial
sector's tradition of conservative lending practices and strong
capitalization. Canada’s economy posted strong growth in 2017 at 3%, but most
analysts are projecting Canada’s economic growth will drop back closer to 2%
in 2018. GDP -
per capita (PPP): $48,400 (2017
est.) Labor
force - by occupation: agriculture:
2% industry:
13% services: 6% (2017 est.) industry and services: 76% manufacturing: 6% (2006
est.) Unemployment
rate: 6.3% (2017
est.) Population
below poverty line: 9.4% (2008
est.) note: this figure is
the Low Income Cut-Off, a calculation that results in higher figures than
found in many comparable economies; Canada does not have an official poverty line Maternal
mortality rate: 10 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.) Infant
mortality rate: total: 4.3 deaths/1,000 live births Life
expectancy at birth: total population: 83.4 years Drinking
water source: improved: total: 100% of population Physicians
density: 2.31 physicians/1,000 population (2017) Sanitation
facility access: improved: total: 100% of population Electricity
access: electrification - total population: 100% (2016) The
Borgen Project - Canada borgenproject.org/category/canada/ [accessed 24 January 2021] The Borgen Project works with U.S. leaders to utilize the
United States’ platform behind efforts toward improving living conditions for
the world’s poor. It is an innovative,
national campaign that is working to make poverty a focus of U.S. foreign
policy. It believes that leaders of
the most powerful nation on earth should be doing more to address global
poverty. From ending segregation to providing women with the right to vote,
nearly every wrong ever righted in history was achieved through advocacy. The
Borgen Project addresses the big picture, operating
at the political level advancing policies and programs that improve living
conditions for those living on less than $1 per day. ~
Programs Aiming To Curb Homelessness In Canada borgenproject.org/programs-curbing-homelessness-in-canada/ ~
Homeless Youth In Canada Receive Celebrity Aid borgenproject.org/homeless-youth-in-canada-receive-celebrity-aid/ ~
Working Together To Reduce Poverty In Nunavut borgenproject.org/poverty-in-nunavut/ ~
Indigenous Poverty In Canada borgenproject.org/indigenous-poverty-in-canada/ ~
Update On Sdg Goal 1 In Canada ~
How Child Care Initiatives Improve Poverty In Canada borgenproject.org/child-care-improves-poverty-in-canada/ ~
Poverty Among Canada’s Indigenous Population borgenproject.org/canadas-indigenous-population-2/ ~
5 Facts About Hunger In Canada borgenproject.org/hunger-in-canada/ ~
Quest Food Exchange: A Model In Food Redistribution borgenproject.org/quest-food-exchange/ Cape
Breton advocates say child poverty numbers 'unacceptable' Nicole Sullivan, Cape Breton Post, 13 December 2020 [accessed 14 December 2020] THE
RECOMMENDATIONS -- In 1989 a promise was made in the House of Commons to end child
poverty by 2020. This hasn't happened and according to the 2020 report card,
Nova Scotia is the only province or territory which hasn't seen a decrease in
child and family poverty rates since 1989. According
to the report, the difference between the provincial rates
are five to 6.4 per cent higher than Canada rates, compared to a
difference of 3.1-4.3 per cent between 2000 - 2013. Low-income
families in Nova Scotia are so deep in poverty, the
report indicates they are between $9,926 and $11,767 below the poverty line. Tackle food insecurity with stronger income support in B.C., says poverty advocate Canadian
Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) News, 6 Dec 2020 www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/food-insecurity-pandemic-1.5828933 [accessed 7 December 2020] Too
many people in British Columbia have been poor for too long and the COVID-19
crisis has shone a spotlight on how the system must change, according to the
spokesperson for a provincial poverty advocacy organization. However,
Ellis said simply providing those in need with food is only a Band-Aid
solution and what is critically needed to enact real change is to make sure
people are financially secure enough to shelter and feed themselves without
continually having to rely on food banks. The
coalition is also calling for investments in affordable housing so vulnerable
people living on the poverty line are not skipping meals and foregoing bill
payments just to keep a roof over their heads. There
are currently about 557,000 British Columbians living below the poverty line
and in some communities, one in four children do not have enough to eat. A B.C. research project gave homeless people $7,500 each — the results were 'beautifully surprising' Bridgette Watson, CBC News, 7 October 2020 www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/new-leaf-project-results-1.5752714 forsocialchange.org/the-research [accessed 11 October 2020] Participants
found housing faster, boosted food security and reduced spending on
substances, study found. The New
Leaf project is a joint study started in 2018 by Foundations for Social
Change, a Vancouver-based charitable organization, and the University of
British Columbia. After giving homeless Lower Mainland residents cash
payments of $7,500, researchers checked on them over a year to see how they
were faring. All 115
participants, ranging in age between 19 and 64, had been homeless for at
least six months and were not struggling with serious substance use or mental
health issues. Of those, 50 people were chosen at random to be given the
cash, while the others formed a control group that did not receive any money. Not
only did those who received the money spend fewer days
homeless than those in the control group, they had also moved into stable
housing after an average of three months, compared to those in the control
group, who took an average of five months. On
average, cash recipients spent 52 per cent of their money on food and rent,
15 per cent on other items such as medications and bills, and 16 per cent on
clothes and transportation. Almost
70 per cent of people who received the payments were food secure after one
month. In comparison, spending on alcohol, cigarettes and drugs went down, on
average, by 39 per cent. Can
Food Waste Improve Food Insecurity? May 1, 2018 in North America by Sonya Peres theowp.org/reports/can-food-waste-improve-food-insecurity/ [accessed 14 January
2021] In fact,
the United States is the world’s largest food exporter and third largest
producer, while Canada is the fifth largest food exporter. Yet, in Canada,
over 4 million Canadians are food insecure; in places like Nunavut, a
northern territory inhabited by mainly Indigenous folk (specifically Inuit,
at around 84% of the population), almost half of
households suffer from food insecurity. The
World Bank in Canada www.worldbank.org/en/country/canada/overview [accessed 18 April 2021] Canada
advances its ideals of stability, sustainable prosperity, and economic
inclusion through its partnership with the World Bank Group. Since 1945,
Canada and the Bank Group have worked together to end poverty and create a
world based on sustainable development. Looking
back a few years … Advameg, Inc., Encyclopedia of the Nations www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Americas/Canada-ECONOMY.html [accessed 24 January 2021] The
Canadian economy is the seventh largest among the western industrialized
nations. The post-war period has seen a steady shift from the production of agricultural
goods toward increased emphasis on manufacturing and services. The service
sector employed three-fourths of the workforce in 1999, compared to only half
of the workforce in 1960. Although
the 1990s were marked by continued high rates of unemployment and restrained
domestic spending, the economy posted an average growth rate in GDP of about
3%. Unemployment was rated at a peak of about 12% in 1992 but had gone down
to 8% in 1999. All
material used herein reproduced under the fair use exception of 17 USC § 107
for noncommercial, nonprofit, and educational use. PLEASE RESPECT
COPYRIGHTS OF COMPONENT ARTICLES. Cite this webpage as: Prof. Martin
Patt, "Poverty - Canada", http://gvnet.com/poverty/Canada.htm,
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