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Human Trafficking
& Modern-day Slavery Lecture
Resources
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[Lecture Resources | Resources for Teachers |
Country-by-Country Reports ]
Debt Bondage
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FEATURED ARTICLES *** India The Enslavement Of Dalit And Indigenous
Communities In UN Sub-Commission on the Promotion and Protection
of Human Rights, February 2001 At one time this article had been archived
and may possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 6 September 2011] www.antislavery.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/goonesekere.pdf [accessed 6 March 2018] SUMMARY - This paper
describes the gross and continuing violation of the rights of millions of
people in India, Pakistan and Nepal, who are trapped in debt bondage and
forced to work to repay loans. Their designation as persons belonging outside
the Hindu caste system is a major determining factor of their enslavement.
Evidence from all three countries shows that the vast majority (80%-98%) of
bonded labourers are from communities designated as
“untouchable”, to whom certain occupations are assigned, or from indigenous
communities. In the same way that caste status is inherited, so debts are
passed on to the succeeding generations. Pakistan Slavery in the 21st century Alan McCombes,
Scottish Socialist Voice, November 2001 www.scottishsocialistvoice.net/2001/12/slavery-in-the-21st-century/959 [accessed 21 December 2011] Bonded labour otherwise known as debt slavery is rampant in In return for the
loan, the entire family is turned into the private property of the employer.
They are forced to work long hours for pitiful wage and half of these wages
are kept by the factory owner as payment towards the loan. The loan may take a generation or more to
pay off. But until it is paid, the family are held
in slavery. Iqbal had been sold
by his mother to a carpet manufacturer at the age of four. For years he spent
twelve hours a day, seven days a week working in carpet factories for a
pittance. He eventually rebelled
against his conditions and became a major figure in the BLLF. At the age of
12 he was traveling Japan Owed Justice - Thai Women Trafficked into
Debt Bondage in Japan Human Rights Watch, ISBN 1-56432-252-1,
Library of Congress Card Number: 00-107963 , September 2000 www.hrw.org/reports/2000/japan/4-profiles.htm [accessed 16 February 2011] IV. PROFILES - In this chapter,
Human Rights Watch profiles four women who were trafficked from POT - It was a big
room and four or five other women going to work in Japan were also kept
there. I was surprised to be locked up because I was not allowed any chance
to say goodbye to my family, even over the phone. I heard the agents talking
about the price for each woman being between 150-160 bai
[1.5-1.6 million yen; US$10,000-11,000], but I couldn't really understand
what they were talking about and did not realize that we were being sold into
prostitution. KAEW - Kaew explained that she had understood there would be
some debt for the airplane ticket and other expenses, but she had never been
told how high her debt would be, and she was shocked at the amount. "The
other girls said to me, 'that's a lot of debt and you're old; you'll never
pay it off.' Then I prayed that it would only take six or seven months to pay
it off, and I went with all of the clients I could. . . . The mama said to
me, 'don't let your period come, or you'll never finish paying your
debt.'" So Kaew also took contraceptive pills
daily, though she had been sterilized at age twenty-one, so that she would
not menstruate and could work every day.(7)
She got her mother to send the pills from Thailand, so that she would not
have to buy them from her mama and increase the level of her debt. Nepal Why Nepal's freed labourers
want to return to slavery Sanjaya Dhakal,
Kathmandu, OneWorld South us.oneworld.net/places/nepal/-/article/why-nepals-freed-laborers-want-return-slavery [accessed 9 December 2010] "Between 15
and 20 percent of the families declared free have returned to the same old
practice of slavery," says Dilli Chaudhary,
president of an NGO called Backward Society Education. Bonded labourers in Nepal are called "kamaiyas"
and belong to the country's backward Tharu
community. It is sheer poverty that forces the poor to borrow rice and food
from their employers - generally big landlords - and get trapped in slavery. Under the practice,
once indebted, the labourer and his heirs are
'bonded' to the landlord. They had to actually reside on the landlord's
property until the debt was completely repaid, which seldom happened. ***
ARCHIVES *** Afghanistan Opium Trade in Afghanistan Linked to Human
Trafficking Lisa Schlein Report, Voice of www.voanews.com/articleprintview/399735.html [accessed 11 June 2013] The IOM says
children are trafficked within the country to work as beggars or as bonded
labor in the brick kiln and carpet making industries. It says women and girls
are kidnapped or sold for forced marriages. They are pushed into prostitution
and sometimes used to settle debts or to resolve conflicts. Internationally, IOM says Afghan women and
girls are being trafficked primarily to Bangladesh Help Us Liberate The World's Slaves Keith Skillicorn,
2006 www.webspawner.com/users/liberateslaves/ [accessed 21 January 2011] During my 31 years
of Community Service in India and Bangladesh, mainly involved in Community
Development, Rural Education, Leprosy Control and the support of Widows and
Orphans, I was stunned by another major problem, thought by many to no longer
exist in this 21st. Century - SLAVERY - SLAVERY's MAIN VICTIMS ARE WOMEN -
SPARE THEM A KIND THOUGHT During my 31 years
spent in India and Bangladesh, particularly during two periods of famine, I
saw hundreds of people enslaved as "Bonded Labourers",
most being forced to work in such places as biri
(cigarette) / carpet factories and brick kilns with females also forced into
prostitution (sexual slavery). Brazil Dozens of slaves freed in Brazil BBC World Service, 21 May, 2004 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/3736207.stm [accessed 24 January 2011] They said the
sugar-cane cutters had been lured from the poor north-eastern region of India -
Nepal RAPE FOR PROFIT - Trafficking of Nepali
Girls and Women to India's Brothels Human Rights Watch/Asia Report, Vol. 12, No.
5 (A), October 1995 www.hrw.org/legacy/reports/1995/India.htm [accessed 23 February 2011] INTRODUCTION - Trafficking
victims in Japan White Slavery - Trafficking of Asian women Suvendrini Kakuchi,
The Foreign Correspondents Club of At one time this article had been archived
and may possibly still be accessible [here] [accessed 7 September 2011] Women who were
lured into the sex industry tell horrific stories of gross human-rights
abuses once they are in Kuwait Campaigning against Bonded Labour International Federation of Workers'
Education Associations IFWEA Journal, December 2000 At one time this article had been archived
and may possibly still be accessible [here]
[accessed 7 September 2011] MIGRANT DOMESTIC
WORKERS - The experience of Despite Alice’s
qualification as a civil engineer in Manila, the pay was not enough to
support her and her family. She
answered an advert recruiting engineers to Kuwait offering 215 Pounds per
month -- six times her Philippine salary.
Against her expected salary her family borrowed money so she could pay
the agency's fee, half of which was due before leaving Manila. Upon arriving in Kuwait City she found that
there were no civil engineering posts, only jobs for maids at a salary
considerably less than she was promised.
With no money to pay the agency or to pay for the flight back home,
she had no choice but to sign a contract to work as a domestic. Her day began at
5:30am and only ended once all of the adults had gone to bed, which was
regularly after 2am. She had no time
off, not even to go to church or to write letters home. After two and a
half years in Kuwait Alice was taken to London. Following an attack in which her employer
tried to rape her she fled. It was the first time she had been out of the
house. Niger Testimony: Former Niger slave BBC News, 3 November 2004 news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/3972669.stm [accessed 12 December 2010] Assibit, 50, describes life
as a slave in Assibit would begin work
at 0530 - pounding millet and milking the camels. She would then prepare breakfast for her
master and his family - she and her family ate the leftovers. While her husband and sons tended the
cattle and camels, she and her daughter did all the household chores. These included moving the heavy tent four
times a day to ensure her mistress could sit in the shade. Assibit prepared
lunch and spent the rest of the day collecting water and firewood. Saudi
Arabia A death sentence for a young Filipino maid
highlights the problem of abuse of Asian servants Michael S. Serrill,
Reported by Scott MacLeod/Al-Ain and Nelly Sindayen/Manila,
TIME, October 23, 1995 housemaidsabuse.blogspot.com/2011/05/death-sentence-for-young-filipino-maid.html [accessed 17 February 2011] Despite the
settlement, the case cast a spotlight on a dark practice throughout the Worse, the maids
find themselves in virtual bondage to their employers, who almost without
exception confiscate the servants' passports to prevent them from walking out
before fulfilling their typical two-year contract. It is common for the maids
to be forced to work from dawn to midnight, seven days a week. Often they are
fed scraps and leftovers, are beaten and verbally abused and, in the worst
cases, raped and murdered. Only in the most egregious instances is an
employer ever charged with sexual abuse or assault. South
Africa Warning on human trafficking Tabelo Timse, THE HERALD NEWSPAPER, PE, RSA, 15 Nov 2006 At one time this article had been archived
and may possibly still be accessible [here]
[accessed 11 September 2011] The report said
women and children were brought into the county by syndicates, individual
agents, Nigerian drug lords, Congolese businesspeople, Angolan crime groups,
South African farmers, and Chinese triads. Women trafficked
from UK Moldovan sex slaves released in tiraspoltimes.com, Apr 22, 2008 www.netnewspublisher.com/moldovan-sex-slaves-released-in-uk-human-trafficking-raids/ [accessed 2 January 2011] [accessed 27 February 2018] A group of girls
from EUROPE'S LARGEST
SEX-TRAFFICKER -
Human trafficking networks and sex slavery gangs bring young women to the USA Federal human trafficking bust implicates
downtown establishment Jennifer Park, The Brown Daily Herald,
April 26, 2007 [accessed 26 August 2011] Many of the women
who were brought to the All material used herein
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Cite this webpage as: Patt, Prof. Martin, "Human Trafficking
& Modern-day Slavery – Lecture Resources - Debt Bondage ",
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